Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved]
Background In Indonesia, malaria incidence is at a high rate despite maximum preventive efforts. Therefore, this study aims to determine the possibility of a Plasmodium reservoir among domestic animals in malaria-endemic areas. Methods Animal blood was collected using EDTA tubes, then smeared and st...
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F1000 Research Ltd
2024-12-01
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| author | Munirah Munirah Sitti Wahyuni Firdaus Hamid Isra Wahid |
| author_facet | Munirah Munirah Sitti Wahyuni Firdaus Hamid Isra Wahid |
| author_sort | Munirah Munirah |
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| description | Background In Indonesia, malaria incidence is at a high rate despite maximum preventive efforts. Therefore, this study aims to determine the possibility of a Plasmodium reservoir among domestic animals in malaria-endemic areas. Methods Animal blood was collected using EDTA tubes, then smeared and stained with Giemsa for Plasmodium microscopic identification. About 10 μl of blood was dropped on to a filter paper to capture Plasmodium DNA. Nested PCR was used for parasite molecular detection, while Plasmodium species were identified using the sequenced DNA. Results A total of 208 and 62 animal blood samples were collected from Gaura village, West Sumba and Fakfak village, West Papua, Indonesia respectively. In total, 32 samples from Gaura contained P. falciparum or P. vivax, while the Plasmodium percentage in buffalo, horse, goat, and dogs were 20.7%, 14.3%, 5.8%, 16.7%, respectively. P. knowlesi was not found in any of the samples, and no other species were detected in 18 pig blood samples. Conclusion The human Plasmodium DNA in domestic animals within malaria-endemic regions suggests a potential link to the persistence and high prevalence of malaria in these areas. While the findings suggest a potential role of domestic animals in malaria transmission, they remain preliminary and do not definitively establish domestic animals as reservoirs. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to better understand the contribution of domestic animals to the transmission dynamics of malaria. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd7743ea662e4604b7ef2fa6d24c5384 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-bd7743ea662e4604b7ef2fa6d24c53842025-01-10T01:00:01ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022024-12-0110175481Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved]Munirah Munirah0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6486-1350Sitti Wahyuni1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6486-1350Firdaus Hamid2Isra Wahid3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6642-1401Doctoral Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, IndonesiaDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar. Jln. Perintis Kemerdekaan 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, IndonesiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, 90245, IndonesiaBackground In Indonesia, malaria incidence is at a high rate despite maximum preventive efforts. Therefore, this study aims to determine the possibility of a Plasmodium reservoir among domestic animals in malaria-endemic areas. Methods Animal blood was collected using EDTA tubes, then smeared and stained with Giemsa for Plasmodium microscopic identification. About 10 μl of blood was dropped on to a filter paper to capture Plasmodium DNA. Nested PCR was used for parasite molecular detection, while Plasmodium species were identified using the sequenced DNA. Results A total of 208 and 62 animal blood samples were collected from Gaura village, West Sumba and Fakfak village, West Papua, Indonesia respectively. In total, 32 samples from Gaura contained P. falciparum or P. vivax, while the Plasmodium percentage in buffalo, horse, goat, and dogs were 20.7%, 14.3%, 5.8%, 16.7%, respectively. P. knowlesi was not found in any of the samples, and no other species were detected in 18 pig blood samples. Conclusion The human Plasmodium DNA in domestic animals within malaria-endemic regions suggests a potential link to the persistence and high prevalence of malaria in these areas. While the findings suggest a potential role of domestic animals in malaria transmission, they remain preliminary and do not definitively establish domestic animals as reservoirs. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to better understand the contribution of domestic animals to the transmission dynamics of malaria.https://f1000research.com/articles/10-645/v4Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax malaria animals host reservoir PCR. eng |
| spellingShingle | Munirah Munirah Sitti Wahyuni Firdaus Hamid Isra Wahid Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] F1000Research Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax malaria animals host reservoir PCR. eng |
| title | Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] |
| title_full | Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] |
| title_fullStr | Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] |
| title_short | Preliminary Evidence of Human Plasmodium in Domestic Animals from a Malaria-Endemic Region in Indonesia [version 4; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] |
| title_sort | preliminary evidence of human plasmodium in domestic animals from a malaria endemic region in indonesia version 4 peer review 2 approved 1 approved with reservations 1 not approved |
| topic | Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax malaria animals host reservoir PCR. eng |
| url | https://f1000research.com/articles/10-645/v4 |
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