Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review
Introduction Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe condition characterised by low cardiac output and often hypotension, which results in organ hypoperfusion due to cardiac failure. As a form of acute heart failure, this condition seems to share similar underlying pathological mechanisms. It is well est...
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-04-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/4/e092891.full |
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| author | Sascha Ott Alexander Meyer Lorenzo Germinario Yassine Ghamri Benjamin O’Brien Daniel Catena Tobias Roeschl Felix Schoenrath |
| author_facet | Sascha Ott Alexander Meyer Lorenzo Germinario Yassine Ghamri Benjamin O’Brien Daniel Catena Tobias Roeschl Felix Schoenrath |
| author_sort | Sascha Ott |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe condition characterised by low cardiac output and often hypotension, which results in organ hypoperfusion due to cardiac failure. As a form of acute heart failure, this condition seems to share similar underlying pathological mechanisms. It is well established that iron deficiency is correlated with chronic and acute heart failure, causing worsening of the symptoms, reduction of quality of life and survival and simultaneously increasing the rehospitalisation rates for all causes in these patients. It remains unclear whether there is an association between iron deficiency and CS. The objective of this scoping review will be to determine the actual state of the art regarding the significance of iron deficiency in patients affected by CS.Methods and analysis We will conduct a systematic review of the literature using MEDLINE and EMBASE via ‘Ovid’ (Elsevier) and Web of Science (2024 Clarivate). The goal is to analyse the incidence and clinical significance of iron deficiency in patients affected by cardiogenic shock. To gain a deeper insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, the review will include basic research conducted on both human subjects and on animal models as well as observational, randomised controlled studies and systematic reviews and meta-analysis. To maximise the identification of relevant reports and reduce loss of information, a systematic search of the literature will be performed from inception until January 2025 using the terms “iron deficiency” as well as “iron”, “ferritin”, “transferrin”, “transferrin saturation”, “hepcidin” and “soluble transferrin receptor” matching these terms with the keywords “cardiogenic shock”, “acute heart failure”, “advanced heart failure”, “decompensated heart failure”, “lvad”, “left ventricular assist device”, “mechanical circulatory support”, “VA-ECMO” and “Extracorporeal Life Support”. We will also use the corresponding MeSH and Emtree terms. In order to find grey literature, we will use the OADT.org internet-based database.Ethics and dissemination No additional ethics approval is required, as this review is based on existing research without new data collection. Only studies with ethics approval will be included. We plan to publish our findings in a peer-reviewed journal and present them at international conferences on cardiology, intensive and acute cardiovascular care, cardiac surgery and cardioanaesthesiology. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bd2c05fe895841ee92617e397d09c5f1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-bd2c05fe895841ee92617e397d09c5f12025-08-20T03:52:28ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552025-04-0115410.1136/bmjopen-2024-092891Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping reviewSascha Ott0Alexander Meyer1Lorenzo Germinario2Yassine Ghamri3Benjamin O’Brien4Daniel Catena5Tobias Roeschl6Felix Schoenrath7Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany3 Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité (DHZC), Berlin, Germany1 Klinik für Herz-, Thorax- und Gefäßchirurgie, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Cardiac Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charité - Medical Heart Center of Charité and German Heart Institute Berlin, Berlin, GermanyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, GermanyCharité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, GermanyIntroduction Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a severe condition characterised by low cardiac output and often hypotension, which results in organ hypoperfusion due to cardiac failure. As a form of acute heart failure, this condition seems to share similar underlying pathological mechanisms. It is well established that iron deficiency is correlated with chronic and acute heart failure, causing worsening of the symptoms, reduction of quality of life and survival and simultaneously increasing the rehospitalisation rates for all causes in these patients. It remains unclear whether there is an association between iron deficiency and CS. The objective of this scoping review will be to determine the actual state of the art regarding the significance of iron deficiency in patients affected by CS.Methods and analysis We will conduct a systematic review of the literature using MEDLINE and EMBASE via ‘Ovid’ (Elsevier) and Web of Science (2024 Clarivate). The goal is to analyse the incidence and clinical significance of iron deficiency in patients affected by cardiogenic shock. To gain a deeper insight into the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, the review will include basic research conducted on both human subjects and on animal models as well as observational, randomised controlled studies and systematic reviews and meta-analysis. To maximise the identification of relevant reports and reduce loss of information, a systematic search of the literature will be performed from inception until January 2025 using the terms “iron deficiency” as well as “iron”, “ferritin”, “transferrin”, “transferrin saturation”, “hepcidin” and “soluble transferrin receptor” matching these terms with the keywords “cardiogenic shock”, “acute heart failure”, “advanced heart failure”, “decompensated heart failure”, “lvad”, “left ventricular assist device”, “mechanical circulatory support”, “VA-ECMO” and “Extracorporeal Life Support”. We will also use the corresponding MeSH and Emtree terms. In order to find grey literature, we will use the OADT.org internet-based database.Ethics and dissemination No additional ethics approval is required, as this review is based on existing research without new data collection. Only studies with ethics approval will be included. We plan to publish our findings in a peer-reviewed journal and present them at international conferences on cardiology, intensive and acute cardiovascular care, cardiac surgery and cardioanaesthesiology.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/4/e092891.full |
| spellingShingle | Sascha Ott Alexander Meyer Lorenzo Germinario Yassine Ghamri Benjamin O’Brien Daniel Catena Tobias Roeschl Felix Schoenrath Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review BMJ Open |
| title | Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review |
| title_full | Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review |
| title_fullStr | Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review |
| title_short | Iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock: protocol for a scoping review |
| title_sort | iron deficiency in patients with cardiogenic shock protocol for a scoping review |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/15/4/e092891.full |
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