Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water
The single-atom catalyst (SAC) activated persulfate process has emerged as a highly efficient technology for eliminating refractory organic compounds in aqueous environments. This review delves into the intricacies of utilizing SACs for the effective removal of various contaminants in water. The com...
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MDPI AG
2024-12-01
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| author | Wan Yu Yin Xu |
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| description | The single-atom catalyst (SAC) activated persulfate process has emerged as a highly efficient technology for eliminating refractory organic compounds in aqueous environments. This review delves into the intricacies of utilizing SACs for the effective removal of various contaminants in water. The common supports and the preparation procedures of SACs are summarized at first. The synthesis methods of SACs (i.e., wet chemical method, one-pot hydrothermal method, and high-temperature pyrolysis method) are also described. Then, a comprehensive overview of the diverse reaction mechanisms in SAC-activated persulfate systems is presented, including a radical oxidation process via sulfate or hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, or a nonradical process via single oxygen, surface active complex, and high-valent metal-oxo species oxidation. The impact of key factors such as peroxides concentration, SAC dosage, reaction pH, inorganic anions, organic matter, operando stability, and real water is also delved. The removal of various pollutants (i.e., azo dyes, phenolic compounds, pharmaceuticals, and bacteria) by this process is further summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives in the field of water treatment utilizing SACs are discussed. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bcdf876c33844f86ba4ebaf37f8af9e4 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-bcdf876c33844f86ba4ebaf37f8af9e42025-08-20T02:50:34ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492024-12-012923569610.3390/molecules29235696Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in WaterWan Yu0Yin Xu1Hubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, ChinaHubei Key Laboratory of Regional Development and Environmental Response, Faculty of Resources and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, ChinaThe single-atom catalyst (SAC) activated persulfate process has emerged as a highly efficient technology for eliminating refractory organic compounds in aqueous environments. This review delves into the intricacies of utilizing SACs for the effective removal of various contaminants in water. The common supports and the preparation procedures of SACs are summarized at first. The synthesis methods of SACs (i.e., wet chemical method, one-pot hydrothermal method, and high-temperature pyrolysis method) are also described. Then, a comprehensive overview of the diverse reaction mechanisms in SAC-activated persulfate systems is presented, including a radical oxidation process via sulfate or hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals, or a nonradical process via single oxygen, surface active complex, and high-valent metal-oxo species oxidation. The impact of key factors such as peroxides concentration, SAC dosage, reaction pH, inorganic anions, organic matter, operando stability, and real water is also delved. The removal of various pollutants (i.e., azo dyes, phenolic compounds, pharmaceuticals, and bacteria) by this process is further summarized. Finally, the challenges and perspectives in the field of water treatment utilizing SACs are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/23/5696single-atom catalystpersulfatereactive speciesinfluencing factorspollutants |
| spellingShingle | Wan Yu Yin Xu Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water Molecules single-atom catalyst persulfate reactive species influencing factors pollutants |
| title | Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water |
| title_full | Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water |
| title_fullStr | Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water |
| title_short | Advancements on Single-Atom Catalysts-Mediated Persulfate Activation: Generating Reactive Species for Contaminants Elimination in Water |
| title_sort | advancements on single atom catalysts mediated persulfate activation generating reactive species for contaminants elimination in water |
| topic | single-atom catalyst persulfate reactive species influencing factors pollutants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/29/23/5696 |
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