Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice
Abstract Background Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individu...
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BMC
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Immunity & Ageing |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-025-00512-0 |
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| author | Yue Liu Man Yang Meifeng Nie Shuyu Wu Rong Su Dekui Qiu Shouneng Lu Hualong Xiong Jinlei Zhang Shengxiang Ge Quan Yuan Qinjian Zhao Tianying Zhang Yingbin Wang Ningshao Xia |
| author_facet | Yue Liu Man Yang Meifeng Nie Shuyu Wu Rong Su Dekui Qiu Shouneng Lu Hualong Xiong Jinlei Zhang Shengxiang Ge Quan Yuan Qinjian Zhao Tianying Zhang Yingbin Wang Ningshao Xia |
| author_sort | Yue Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individuals restrict its application. Building upon our previous development of zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), we systematically investigated the immunoenhancing effects of Zn-RS in aged mice and thoroughly explored the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations in this study. Results Compared to formulations using aluminum adjuvant, Zn-RS combined with either varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) or SARS-CoV-2 monovalent STFK protein (STFK) elicited significantly higher IgG and neutralization titers, as well as superior long-term humoral immunity. Moreover, Zn-RS induced greater quantities of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells (APCs), follicular helper T (TFH) cells, Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17 type immune cells, germinal center B cells (GCBs) and plasma cells. Conclusions These findings support Zn-RS as a promising adjuvant candidate for elderly populations, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and potential applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bcadc9dd257e463693f5749755d3869b |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1742-4933 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immunity & Ageing |
| spelling | doaj-art-bcadc9dd257e463693f5749755d3869b2025-08-20T02:25:17ZengBMCImmunity & Ageing1742-49332025-05-0122111510.1186/s12979-025-00512-0Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged miceYue Liu0Man Yang1Meifeng Nie2Shuyu Wu3Rong Su4Dekui Qiu5Shouneng Lu6Hualong Xiong7Jinlei Zhang8Shengxiang Ge9Quan Yuan10Qinjian Zhao11Tianying Zhang12Yingbin Wang13Ningshao Xia14State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityCollege of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityState Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen UniversityAbstract Background Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individuals restrict its application. Building upon our previous development of zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), we systematically investigated the immunoenhancing effects of Zn-RS in aged mice and thoroughly explored the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations in this study. Results Compared to formulations using aluminum adjuvant, Zn-RS combined with either varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) or SARS-CoV-2 monovalent STFK protein (STFK) elicited significantly higher IgG and neutralization titers, as well as superior long-term humoral immunity. Moreover, Zn-RS induced greater quantities of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells (APCs), follicular helper T (TFH) cells, Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17 type immune cells, germinal center B cells (GCBs) and plasma cells. Conclusions These findings support Zn-RS as a promising adjuvant candidate for elderly populations, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and potential applications.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-025-00512-0RisedronateVaccine adjuvantAged miceImmune enhancementMechanism |
| spellingShingle | Yue Liu Man Yang Meifeng Nie Shuyu Wu Rong Su Dekui Qiu Shouneng Lu Hualong Xiong Jinlei Zhang Shengxiang Ge Quan Yuan Qinjian Zhao Tianying Zhang Yingbin Wang Ningshao Xia Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice Immunity & Ageing Risedronate Vaccine adjuvant Aged mice Immune enhancement Mechanism |
| title | Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| title_full | Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| title_fullStr | Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| title_short | Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| title_sort | immunological enhancement of micro nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice |
| topic | Risedronate Vaccine adjuvant Aged mice Immune enhancement Mechanism |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-025-00512-0 |
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