Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice

Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice

Abstract Background Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individu...

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Main Authors: Yue Liu, Man Yang, Meifeng Nie, Shuyu Wu, Rong Su, Dekui Qiu, Shouneng Lu, Hualong Xiong, Jinlei Zhang, Shengxiang Ge, Quan Yuan, Qinjian Zhao, Tianying Zhang, Yingbin Wang, Ningshao Xia
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:Immunity & Ageing
Subjects:
Risedronate
Vaccine adjuvant
Aged mice
Immune enhancement
Mechanism
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-025-00512-0
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Summary:Abstract Background Elderly individuals face heightened susceptibility to infectious diseases and diminished vaccine responses. Vaccine adjuvants offer a solution. Despite aluminum adjuvant’s long history, its limitations in inducing strong cellular immunity and protecting immunocompromised individuals restrict its application. Building upon our previous development of zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), we systematically investigated the immunoenhancing effects of Zn-RS in aged mice and thoroughly explored the underlying mechanisms responsible for these observations in this study. Results Compared to formulations using aluminum adjuvant, Zn-RS combined with either varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E (gE) or SARS-CoV-2 monovalent STFK protein (STFK) elicited significantly higher IgG and neutralization titers, as well as superior long-term humoral immunity. Moreover, Zn-RS induced greater quantities of dendritic cells (DCs), antigen-presenting cells (APCs), follicular helper T (TFH) cells, Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17 type immune cells, germinal center B cells (GCBs) and plasma cells. Conclusions These findings support Zn-RS as a promising adjuvant candidate for elderly populations, warranting further exploration of its mechanisms and potential applications.
ISSN:1742-4933

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