An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) operating mode recognition plays a crucial role in SAR countermeasures and serves as the foundation for effective SAR interference. To address the limitations of current SAR operating mode recognition algorithms, such as low recognition rates, poor generalization, and...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Haiying Wang, Wei Lu, Yingying Wu, Qunying Zhang, Xiaojun Liu, Guangyou Fang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-04-01
Series:Remote Sensing
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/9/1523
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850136526990606336
author Haiying Wang
Wei Lu
Yingying Wu
Qunying Zhang
Xiaojun Liu
Guangyou Fang
author_facet Haiying Wang
Wei Lu
Yingying Wu
Qunying Zhang
Xiaojun Liu
Guangyou Fang
author_sort Haiying Wang
collection DOAJ
description Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) operating mode recognition plays a crucial role in SAR countermeasures and serves as the foundation for effective SAR interference. To address the limitations of current SAR operating mode recognition algorithms, such as low recognition rates, poor generalization, and limited engineering applicability under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, an enhanced algorithm named dual-input feature fusion ShuffleNet (DIFF-ShuffleNet) based on intercepted SAR signal data is proposed. First, the SAR signal is processed by combining pulse compression and time–frequency analysis technology to enhance anti-noise robustness. Then, an improved lightweight ShuffleNet architecture is designed to fuse range pulse compression (RPC) maps and azimuth time–frequency features, significantly improving recognition accuracy in low-SNR environments while maintaining practical deployability. Moreover, an improved coarse-to-fine search fractional Fourier transform (CFS-FRFT) algorithm is proposed to address the chirp rate estimation required for RPC. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed SAR operating mode recognition algorithm achieves over 95.00% recognition accuracy for SAR operating modes (stripmap, spotlight, sliding spotlight, and scan) at an SNR greater than −8 dB. Finally, four sets of measured SAR data are used to validate the algorithm’s effectiveness, with all recognition results being correct, demonstrating the algorithm’s practical applicability.
format Article
id doaj-art-bcac9b43cf30480397a99ca748c022c4
institution OA Journals
issn 2072-4292
language English
publishDate 2025-04-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Remote Sensing
spelling doaj-art-bcac9b43cf30480397a99ca748c022c42025-08-20T02:31:08ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-04-01179152310.3390/rs17091523An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode RecognitionHaiying Wang0Wei Lu1Yingying Wu2Qunying Zhang3Xiaojun Liu4Guangyou Fang5Aerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaAerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaAerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaAerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaAerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaAerospace Imformation Research Institude, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, ChinaSynthetic aperture radar (SAR) operating mode recognition plays a crucial role in SAR countermeasures and serves as the foundation for effective SAR interference. To address the limitations of current SAR operating mode recognition algorithms, such as low recognition rates, poor generalization, and limited engineering applicability under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, an enhanced algorithm named dual-input feature fusion ShuffleNet (DIFF-ShuffleNet) based on intercepted SAR signal data is proposed. First, the SAR signal is processed by combining pulse compression and time–frequency analysis technology to enhance anti-noise robustness. Then, an improved lightweight ShuffleNet architecture is designed to fuse range pulse compression (RPC) maps and azimuth time–frequency features, significantly improving recognition accuracy in low-SNR environments while maintaining practical deployability. Moreover, an improved coarse-to-fine search fractional Fourier transform (CFS-FRFT) algorithm is proposed to address the chirp rate estimation required for RPC. Simulations demonstrate that the proposed SAR operating mode recognition algorithm achieves over 95.00% recognition accuracy for SAR operating modes (stripmap, spotlight, sliding spotlight, and scan) at an SNR greater than −8 dB. Finally, four sets of measured SAR data are used to validate the algorithm’s effectiveness, with all recognition results being correct, demonstrating the algorithm’s practical applicability.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/9/1523synthetic aperture radaroperating mode recognitionfeature fusionparameter estimation
spellingShingle Haiying Wang
Wei Lu
Yingying Wu
Qunying Zhang
Xiaojun Liu
Guangyou Fang
An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
Remote Sensing
synthetic aperture radar
operating mode recognition
feature fusion
parameter estimation
title An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
title_full An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
title_fullStr An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
title_full_unstemmed An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
title_short An Enhanced Algorithm Based on Dual-Input Feature Fusion ShuffleNet for Synthetic Aperture Radar Operating Mode Recognition
title_sort enhanced algorithm based on dual input feature fusion shufflenet for synthetic aperture radar operating mode recognition
topic synthetic aperture radar
operating mode recognition
feature fusion
parameter estimation
url https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/9/1523
work_keys_str_mv AT haiyingwang anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT weilu anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT yingyingwu anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT qunyingzhang anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT xiaojunliu anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT guangyoufang anenhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT haiyingwang enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT weilu enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT yingyingwu enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT qunyingzhang enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT xiaojunliu enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition
AT guangyoufang enhancedalgorithmbasedondualinputfeaturefusionshufflenetforsyntheticapertureradaroperatingmoderecognition