Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer known to have various adverse effects on humans and animals. Exposure of farm animals to BPA negatively impacts their health and poses a threat to humans who consume products of animal origin. Despite the importance of studying the exposure of farm animals to BPA,...

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Main Authors: Slawomir Gonkowski, Manolis Tzatzarakis, Nariste Kadyralieva, Elena Vakonaki, Thomas Lamprakis, Ismail Sen, Askarbek Tulobaev, Fatih R. Istanbullugil, Aidai Zhunushova, Liliana Rytel
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-03-01
Series:Animals
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/7/939
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author Slawomir Gonkowski
Manolis Tzatzarakis
Nariste Kadyralieva
Elena Vakonaki
Thomas Lamprakis
Ismail Sen
Askarbek Tulobaev
Fatih R. Istanbullugil
Aidai Zhunushova
Liliana Rytel
author_facet Slawomir Gonkowski
Manolis Tzatzarakis
Nariste Kadyralieva
Elena Vakonaki
Thomas Lamprakis
Ismail Sen
Askarbek Tulobaev
Fatih R. Istanbullugil
Aidai Zhunushova
Liliana Rytel
author_sort Slawomir Gonkowski
collection DOAJ
description Bisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer known to have various adverse effects on humans and animals. Exposure of farm animals to BPA negatively impacts their health and poses a threat to humans who consume products of animal origin. Despite the importance of studying the exposure of farm animals to BPA, the knowledge in this area is quite limited. To date, the assessment of BPA levels in dairy cows using analysis of hair samples has not been performed. The study utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze hair samples collected from 48 dairy cows in the following regions of Kyrgyzstan: Sokuluk, Alamedin and Ysyk Ata. BPA levels above the limit of detection (LOD = 4.8 pg/mg) were noted in 18.8% of analyzed samples. BPA levels in individual samples ranged from below LOD to 89.1 pg/mg with a median value of 9.3 ± 19.7 pg/mg. The study indicates that dairy cows are exposed to BPA, and hair samples can be used for BPA biomonitoring in farm animals. The present study is the first investigation of BPA levels in cows’ hair, which is one of the best matrices to study long-term exposure of living organisms to environmental pollutants. Additionally, this study is the first to analyze BPA in biological samples from Kyrgyzstan.
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spelling doaj-art-bc9f352f40fb4e43a0eeac593a6ce5bd2025-08-20T03:06:32ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-03-0115793910.3390/ani15070939Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples AnalysisSlawomir Gonkowski0Manolis Tzatzarakis1Nariste Kadyralieva2Elena Vakonaki3Thomas Lamprakis4Ismail Sen5Askarbek Tulobaev6Fatih R. Istanbullugil7Aidai Zhunushova8Liliana Rytel9Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-957 Olsztyn, PolandLaboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek 720042, KyrgyzstanLaboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, GreeceLaboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Internal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek 720042, KyrgyzstanDepartment of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek 720042, KyrgyzstanDepartment of Food Hygiene and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek 720042, KyrgyzstanDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek 720042, KyrgyzstanDepartment of Internal Diseases with Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, PolandBisphenol A (BPA) is a plasticizer known to have various adverse effects on humans and animals. Exposure of farm animals to BPA negatively impacts their health and poses a threat to humans who consume products of animal origin. Despite the importance of studying the exposure of farm animals to BPA, the knowledge in this area is quite limited. To date, the assessment of BPA levels in dairy cows using analysis of hair samples has not been performed. The study utilized liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze hair samples collected from 48 dairy cows in the following regions of Kyrgyzstan: Sokuluk, Alamedin and Ysyk Ata. BPA levels above the limit of detection (LOD = 4.8 pg/mg) were noted in 18.8% of analyzed samples. BPA levels in individual samples ranged from below LOD to 89.1 pg/mg with a median value of 9.3 ± 19.7 pg/mg. The study indicates that dairy cows are exposed to BPA, and hair samples can be used for BPA biomonitoring in farm animals. The present study is the first investigation of BPA levels in cows’ hair, which is one of the best matrices to study long-term exposure of living organisms to environmental pollutants. Additionally, this study is the first to analyze BPA in biological samples from Kyrgyzstan.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/7/939dairy cowsbisphenol Aendocrine disruptorsexposure
spellingShingle Slawomir Gonkowski
Manolis Tzatzarakis
Nariste Kadyralieva
Elena Vakonaki
Thomas Lamprakis
Ismail Sen
Askarbek Tulobaev
Fatih R. Istanbullugil
Aidai Zhunushova
Liliana Rytel
Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
Animals
dairy cows
bisphenol A
endocrine disruptors
exposure
title Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
title_full Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
title_fullStr Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
title_short Assessment of Bisphenol A (BPA) Exposure in Dairy Cows Using Hair Samples Analysis
title_sort assessment of bisphenol a bpa exposure in dairy cows using hair samples analysis
topic dairy cows
bisphenol A
endocrine disruptors
exposure
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/7/939
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