Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore
The multielement pyrochlore of the composition Bi<sub>1.57</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Cr<sub>1/3</sub>Cu<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9−Δ</sub> (sp. gr. Fd-3m:2, 10.4724 Å) containing transition element atoms—chromium, manganese a...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Nadezhda A. Zhuk Nikolay A. Sekushin Maria G. Krzhizhanovskaya Artem A. Selutin Aleksandra V. Koroleva Ksenia A. Badanina Sergey V. Nekipelov Olga V. Petrova Victor N. Sivkov |
| author_facet | Nadezhda A. Zhuk Nikolay A. Sekushin Maria G. Krzhizhanovskaya Artem A. Selutin Aleksandra V. Koroleva Ksenia A. Badanina Sergey V. Nekipelov Olga V. Petrova Victor N. Sivkov |
| author_sort | Nadezhda A. Zhuk |
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| description | The multielement pyrochlore of the composition Bi<sub>1.57</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Cr<sub>1/3</sub>Cu<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9−Δ</sub> (sp. gr. Fd-3m:2, 10.4724 Å) containing transition element atoms—chromium, manganese and copper in equimolar amounts—was synthesized for the first time using the solid-phase reaction method. The microstructure of the ceramics is grainless and has low porosity. The sample is characterized by reflection in the red (705 nm) color region. The band gap for the direct allowed transition in the sample is 1.68 eV. The parameters of the Bi5d, Nb3d, Сr2p, Mn2p, and Cu2p X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra for the mixed pyrochlore are compared with the parameters of transition element oxides. For the complex pyrochlore, a characteristic shift in the Bi4f and Nb3d spectra to the region of lower energies by 0.15 and 0.60 eV, respectively, is observed. According to the XPS Cu2p and Mn2p spectra of pyrochlore, copper, and manganese cations are in a mixed charge state; they mainly have an effective charge of +2/+3, and the Cr2p spectrum is a superposition of the spectra of chromium ions in the charge state of +3, +4, +6. At 24 °С, the permittivity of the sample in the frequency range (10<sup>4</sup>–10<sup>6</sup> Hz) weakly depends on the frequency and is equal to ~100, the dielectric loss tangent is 0.017. The activation energy of conductivity is equal to 0.41 eV. The specific electrical conductivity of Bi<sub>1.57</sub>Cr<sub>1/3</sub>Cu<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9−Δ</sub> increases with the temperature increasing from 1.8 × 10<sup>−5</sup> Ohm<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> (24 °С) to 0.1 Ohm<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> (330 °С). Nyquist curves for the sample are modeled by equivalent electrical circuits. |
| format | Article |
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| spelling | doaj-art-bc977b00883c459d875ff257f50fb0272025-08-20T01:49:07ZengMDPI AGSci2413-41552024-12-0171110.3390/sci7010001Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate PyrochloreNadezhda A. Zhuk0Nikolay A. Sekushin1Maria G. Krzhizhanovskaya2Artem A. Selutin3Aleksandra V. Koroleva4Ksenia A. Badanina5Sergey V. Nekipelov6Olga V. Petrova7Victor N. Sivkov8Institute of Natural Sciences, Syktyvkar State University, Oktyabrsky Prospect, 55, Syktyvkar 167001, RussiaInstitute of Chemistry of the Komi Science Center UB RAS, Pervomaiskaya st. 54, Syktyvkar 167982, RussiaInstitute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaInstitute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaInstitute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaInstitute of Earth Sciences, Saint Petersburg State University, University Emb. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaInstitute of Physics and Mathematics of the Komi Science Center UB RAS, Oplesnina st. 4, Syktyvkar 167982, RussiaInstitute of Physics and Mathematics of the Komi Science Center UB RAS, Oplesnina st. 4, Syktyvkar 167982, RussiaInstitute of Physics and Mathematics of the Komi Science Center UB RAS, Oplesnina st. 4, Syktyvkar 167982, RussiaThe multielement pyrochlore of the composition Bi<sub>1.57</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Cr<sub>1/3</sub>Cu<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9−Δ</sub> (sp. gr. Fd-3m:2, 10.4724 Å) containing transition element atoms—chromium, manganese and copper in equimolar amounts—was synthesized for the first time using the solid-phase reaction method. The microstructure of the ceramics is grainless and has low porosity. The sample is characterized by reflection in the red (705 nm) color region. The band gap for the direct allowed transition in the sample is 1.68 eV. The parameters of the Bi5d, Nb3d, Сr2p, Mn2p, and Cu2p X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra for the mixed pyrochlore are compared with the parameters of transition element oxides. For the complex pyrochlore, a characteristic shift in the Bi4f and Nb3d spectra to the region of lower energies by 0.15 and 0.60 eV, respectively, is observed. According to the XPS Cu2p and Mn2p spectra of pyrochlore, copper, and manganese cations are in a mixed charge state; they mainly have an effective charge of +2/+3, and the Cr2p spectrum is a superposition of the spectra of chromium ions in the charge state of +3, +4, +6. At 24 °С, the permittivity of the sample in the frequency range (10<sup>4</sup>–10<sup>6</sup> Hz) weakly depends on the frequency and is equal to ~100, the dielectric loss tangent is 0.017. The activation energy of conductivity is equal to 0.41 eV. The specific electrical conductivity of Bi<sub>1.57</sub>Cr<sub>1/3</sub>Cu<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>9−Δ</sub> increases with the temperature increasing from 1.8 × 10<sup>−5</sup> Ohm<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> (24 °С) to 0.1 Ohm<sup>−1</sup>·m<sup>−1</sup> (330 °С). Nyquist curves for the sample are modeled by equivalent electrical circuits.https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/1/1electrical propertiespyrochloreimpedance spectroscopy3d elementsXPSoptical properties |
| spellingShingle | Nadezhda A. Zhuk Nikolay A. Sekushin Maria G. Krzhizhanovskaya Artem A. Selutin Aleksandra V. Koroleva Ksenia A. Badanina Sergey V. Nekipelov Olga V. Petrova Victor N. Sivkov Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore Sci electrical properties pyrochlore impedance spectroscopy 3d elements XPS optical properties |
| title | Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore |
| title_full | Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore |
| title_fullStr | Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore |
| title_full_unstemmed | Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore |
| title_short | Photoelectron Spectroscopy Study of the Optical and Electrical Properties of Cr/Cu/Mn Tri-Doped Bismuth Niobate Pyrochlore |
| title_sort | photoelectron spectroscopy study of the optical and electrical properties of cr cu mn tri doped bismuth niobate pyrochlore |
| topic | electrical properties pyrochlore impedance spectroscopy 3d elements XPS optical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2413-4155/7/1/1 |
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