Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Diamonds are unique samples that enlarge our vision of the physical and chemical reactions occurring in Earth’s deep, inaccessible mantle. By investigating the minerals and fluids trapped within them, it is possible to ascertain the key conditions relevant to diamond formation, such as pressure, tem...

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Main Authors: A. Angellotti, G. Marras, M. Morana, S. Chariton, V. Stopponi, L. Medeghini, C. Romano, A. Correale, L. Bindi, F. V. Kaminsky, V. Stagno
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Geochemistry
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgeoc.2025.1607472/full
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author A. Angellotti
G. Marras
M. Morana
S. Chariton
V. Stopponi
L. Medeghini
C. Romano
A. Correale
L. Bindi
F. V. Kaminsky
V. Stagno
V. Stagno
author_facet A. Angellotti
G. Marras
M. Morana
S. Chariton
V. Stopponi
L. Medeghini
C. Romano
A. Correale
L. Bindi
F. V. Kaminsky
V. Stagno
V. Stagno
author_sort A. Angellotti
collection DOAJ
description Diamonds are unique samples that enlarge our vision of the physical and chemical reactions occurring in Earth’s deep, inaccessible mantle. By investigating the minerals and fluids trapped within them, it is possible to ascertain the key conditions relevant to diamond formation, such as pressure, temperature, and oxygen fugacity. In this study, we investigated a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Juína (Brazil), a site known for the high abundance of sublithospheric diamonds discovered there. The diamond contained both colorless and greenish optically visible inclusions of Na–Cr-bearing diopside, high-Mg olivine, and enstatite. Thermobarometric estimates of the polished and entrapped inclusions suggest that the diamond likely formed at pressures between 4 and 5 GPa and temperatures of 1,050 °C–1,150  °C. Major and trace elements data from one polished clinopyroxene provide evidence of interaction between the local peridotite and an oxidized Na-rich carbonated melt—a generally proposed growth medium from which diamonds may have crystallized. Our study thus demonstrates that diamonds from underneath the Amazonian craton did not originate solely at lower mantle depths but also within a metasomatized lithospheric mantle.
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spelling doaj-art-bc97471c0a8f4d5d90adce786be126b82025-08-20T03:36:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Geochemistry2813-59622025-08-01310.3389/fgeoc.2025.16074721607472Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, BrazilA. Angellotti0G. Marras1M. Morana2S. Chariton3V. Stopponi4L. Medeghini5C. Romano6A. Correale7L. Bindi8F. V. Kaminsky9V. Stagno10V. Stagno11Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, ItalyCenter for Advanced Radiation Sources, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United StatesCNR - Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Trieste, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, ItalyDepartment of Science, University of Roma Tre, Rome, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Palermo, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, University of Florence, Firenze, ItalyVernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, ItalyIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Palermo, ItalyDiamonds are unique samples that enlarge our vision of the physical and chemical reactions occurring in Earth’s deep, inaccessible mantle. By investigating the minerals and fluids trapped within them, it is possible to ascertain the key conditions relevant to diamond formation, such as pressure, temperature, and oxygen fugacity. In this study, we investigated a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Juína (Brazil), a site known for the high abundance of sublithospheric diamonds discovered there. The diamond contained both colorless and greenish optically visible inclusions of Na–Cr-bearing diopside, high-Mg olivine, and enstatite. Thermobarometric estimates of the polished and entrapped inclusions suggest that the diamond likely formed at pressures between 4 and 5 GPa and temperatures of 1,050 °C–1,150  °C. Major and trace elements data from one polished clinopyroxene provide evidence of interaction between the local peridotite and an oxidized Na-rich carbonated melt—a generally proposed growth medium from which diamonds may have crystallized. Our study thus demonstrates that diamonds from underneath the Amazonian craton did not originate solely at lower mantle depths but also within a metasomatized lithospheric mantle.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgeoc.2025.1607472/fullthermobarometryredoxsynchrotron MössbauermetasomatismAmazonian craton
spellingShingle A. Angellotti
G. Marras
M. Morana
S. Chariton
V. Stopponi
L. Medeghini
C. Romano
A. Correale
L. Bindi
F. V. Kaminsky
V. Stagno
V. Stagno
Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
Frontiers in Geochemistry
thermobarometry
redox
synchrotron Mössbauer
metasomatism
Amazonian craton
title Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
title_full Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
title_fullStr Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
title_short Lithospheric origin of a diamond from the Rio Sorriso area, Mato Grosso State, Brazil
title_sort lithospheric origin of a diamond from the rio sorriso area mato grosso state brazil
topic thermobarometry
redox
synchrotron Mössbauer
metasomatism
Amazonian craton
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgeoc.2025.1607472/full
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