Novel brood-site pollination mutualism between sympetalous Heterosmilax (Smilacaceae, Liliales) and a cecidomyiid gall midge (Cecidomyiidae, Diptera) breeding in fallen male flowers

Heterosmilax is a unique dioecious genus of Smilacaceae (Liliales, Monocotyledon) in that both male and female flowers are sympetalous, ellipsoid, and almost closed. Our field observations in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan showed that H. japonica flowers are visited and pollinated exclusively by female...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Makoto Kato, Atsushi Kawakita
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Pensoft Publishers 2025-04-01
Series:ZooKeys
Online Access:https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/146453/download/pdf/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!