The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties
This study examines the feasibility of using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) as an alternative to fine crushed limestone aggregate in concrete. BOFS is sourced from two steel production facilities in Türkiye, designated as I-BOFS and E-BOFS. The experimental results showed that as the E-BOFS ag...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Yildiz Technical University
2025-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies |
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| _version_ | 1849251737131548672 |
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| author | Hakan Ozkan |
| author_facet | Hakan Ozkan |
| author_sort | Hakan Ozkan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study examines the feasibility of using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) as an alternative to fine crushed limestone
aggregate in concrete. BOFS is sourced from two steel production facilities in Türkiye, designated as I-BOFS and E-BOFS.
The experimental results showed that as the E-BOFS aggregate replacement ratio increased, the water-to-cement (w/c)
ratio increased to maintain the target workability. The concrete mixtures incorporating E-BOFS exhibited consistent
reductions in the compressive strength with an increase in the BOFS ratio. At the same time, I-BOFS maintained
higher compressive strength, with only minor losses up to 80% of the substitution ratio. Flexural strength was similarly
affected, with notable reductions at higher BOFS levels, though I-BOFS performed better. Water penetration depth
values remained similar to the reference concrete for both BOFS sources up to a 60% replacement ratio. Conversely,
higher replacement levels led to increased water permeability. In summary, the study concludes that the inherent BOFS
aggregate characteristics, such as mechanical strength, water absorption, and fines content, significantly affect the fresh
and hardened concrete properties, which might limit their utilization ratio in concrete and require detailed testing before
using such aggregates. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc447d7517cb4fd4ba48e4240a59c3ee |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2458-973X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | Yildiz Technical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc447d7517cb4fd4ba48e4240a59c3ee2025-08-20T03:56:51ZengYildiz Technical UniversityJournal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies2458-973X2025-06-0110228029110.29187/2458-973X.1189The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties Hakan Ozkan0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9260-7314Betâo Liz SA, Avenida Almirante Gago Coutinho, Portela 2710-418 Sintra, PortugalThis study examines the feasibility of using basic oxygen furnace slag (BOFS) as an alternative to fine crushed limestone aggregate in concrete. BOFS is sourced from two steel production facilities in Türkiye, designated as I-BOFS and E-BOFS. The experimental results showed that as the E-BOFS aggregate replacement ratio increased, the water-to-cement (w/c) ratio increased to maintain the target workability. The concrete mixtures incorporating E-BOFS exhibited consistent reductions in the compressive strength with an increase in the BOFS ratio. At the same time, I-BOFS maintained higher compressive strength, with only minor losses up to 80% of the substitution ratio. Flexural strength was similarly affected, with notable reductions at higher BOFS levels, though I-BOFS performed better. Water penetration depth values remained similar to the reference concrete for both BOFS sources up to a 60% replacement ratio. Conversely, higher replacement levels led to increased water permeability. In summary, the study concludes that the inherent BOFS aggregate characteristics, such as mechanical strength, water absorption, and fines content, significantly affect the fresh and hardened concrete properties, which might limit their utilization ratio in concrete and require detailed testing before using such aggregates.basic oxygen furnace slagmechanical propertieswater penetration depthalternative aggregate |
| spellingShingle | Hakan Ozkan The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties Journal of Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies basic oxygen furnace slag mechanical properties water penetration depth alternative aggregate |
| title | The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties |
| title_full | The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties |
| title_fullStr | The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties |
| title_short | The Utilization of Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag as Fine Aggregates in Concrete: Physical, Mechanical, and Durability Properties |
| title_sort | utilization of basic oxygen furnace slag as fine aggregates in concrete physical mechanical and durability properties |
| topic | basic oxygen furnace slag mechanical properties water penetration depth alternative aggregate |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hakanozkan theutilizationofbasicoxygenfurnaceslagasfineaggregatesinconcretephysicalmechanicalanddurabilityproperties AT hakanozkan utilizationofbasicoxygenfurnaceslagasfineaggregatesinconcretephysicalmechanicalanddurabilityproperties |