Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation

Background: Anemia and abnormal platelet count are common among patients with cancer and are associated with complications after orthopaedic procedures. We studied associations between these conditions and morbidity within 30 days after surgery for pathologic femur or humerus fracture. Methods: We r...

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Main Authors: Mohyeddine El Sayed, Ryley Zastrow, Sassine Youssef, Adam S. Levin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-06-01
Series:Journal of Bone Oncology
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221213742500020X
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author Mohyeddine El Sayed
Ryley Zastrow
Sassine Youssef
Adam S. Levin
author_facet Mohyeddine El Sayed
Ryley Zastrow
Sassine Youssef
Adam S. Levin
author_sort Mohyeddine El Sayed
collection DOAJ
description Background: Anemia and abnormal platelet count are common among patients with cancer and are associated with complications after orthopaedic procedures. We studied associations between these conditions and morbidity within 30 days after surgery for pathologic femur or humerus fracture. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the National Surgery Quality Improvement Project database for 145,030 adults following surgical fixation of a pathologic femur or humerus fracture from 2010 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regressions compared 30-day complications between patients with mild or severe anemia versus those with normal hematocrit and between patients with thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis versus those with normal platelet count. Results: Likelihood of extended hospitalization (≥6 days) was higher in patients with mild anemia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.47; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.44, 1.51) and severe anemia (OR: 2.14; 95 % CI: 2.06, 2.23). Likelihood of all-cause morbidity was also higher among those with mild anemia (OR: 1.17; 95 % CI: 1.13, 1.21) and severe anemia (OR: 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.28, 1.42). Similarly, likelihood of extended hospitalization was higher in patients with thrombocytopenia (OR: 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.22, 1.29) and thrombocytosis (OR: 1.24; 95 % CI: 1.13, 1.36). Likelihood of all-cause morbidity was also higher for those with thrombocytopenia (OR: 1.12; 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.16) and thrombocytosis (OR: 1.21; 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.37). Conclusion: Preoperative anemia and platelet abnormalities were potentially modifiable risk factors associated with postoperative complications following surgery for pathologic fracture.
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spelling doaj-art-bc2b9bf7795e47228fb4ba775b3b96b02025-08-20T03:47:01ZengElsevierJournal of Bone Oncology2212-13742025-06-015210067910.1016/j.jbo.2025.100679Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixationMohyeddine El Sayed0Ryley Zastrow1Sassine Youssef2Adam S. Levin3Medical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USAThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAMedical University of South Carolina, 171 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC 29425, USAThe Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Corresponding author at: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, 601 North Caroline Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.Background: Anemia and abnormal platelet count are common among patients with cancer and are associated with complications after orthopaedic procedures. We studied associations between these conditions and morbidity within 30 days after surgery for pathologic femur or humerus fracture. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the National Surgery Quality Improvement Project database for 145,030 adults following surgical fixation of a pathologic femur or humerus fracture from 2010 to 2020. Multivariable logistic regressions compared 30-day complications between patients with mild or severe anemia versus those with normal hematocrit and between patients with thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis versus those with normal platelet count. Results: Likelihood of extended hospitalization (≥6 days) was higher in patients with mild anemia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.47; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.44, 1.51) and severe anemia (OR: 2.14; 95 % CI: 2.06, 2.23). Likelihood of all-cause morbidity was also higher among those with mild anemia (OR: 1.17; 95 % CI: 1.13, 1.21) and severe anemia (OR: 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.28, 1.42). Similarly, likelihood of extended hospitalization was higher in patients with thrombocytopenia (OR: 1.25; 95 % CI: 1.22, 1.29) and thrombocytosis (OR: 1.24; 95 % CI: 1.13, 1.36). Likelihood of all-cause morbidity was also higher for those with thrombocytopenia (OR: 1.12; 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.16) and thrombocytosis (OR: 1.21; 95 % CI: 1.07, 1.37). Conclusion: Preoperative anemia and platelet abnormalities were potentially modifiable risk factors associated with postoperative complications following surgery for pathologic fracture.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221213742500020XAnemiaCancerOutcomesPathologic fractureThrombocytopeniaThrombocytosis
spellingShingle Mohyeddine El Sayed
Ryley Zastrow
Sassine Youssef
Adam S. Levin
Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
Journal of Bone Oncology
Anemia
Cancer
Outcomes
Pathologic fracture
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytosis
title Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
title_full Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
title_fullStr Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
title_full_unstemmed Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
title_short Associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
title_sort associations of preoperative hematocrit and platelet count with morbidity after pathologic fracture fixation
topic Anemia
Cancer
Outcomes
Pathologic fracture
Thrombocytopenia
Thrombocytosis
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221213742500020X
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AT sassineyoussef associationsofpreoperativehematocritandplateletcountwithmorbidityafterpathologicfracturefixation
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