Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates
Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is one of the most devastating pests in citrus orchards due to its role in transmitting Huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, chemical control remains the most effective strategy for ACP management. Mineral oils are com...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2024-12-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/28 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832588302954266624 |
|---|---|
| author | Wei Hu Kejing Wang Xiaoyue Zhong Pei Jiang Shunchang Zhang Zhanjun Lu Zhixiang Zhang Long Yi Ning Zhang |
| author_facet | Wei Hu Kejing Wang Xiaoyue Zhong Pei Jiang Shunchang Zhang Zhanjun Lu Zhixiang Zhang Long Yi Ning Zhang |
| author_sort | Wei Hu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is one of the most devastating pests in citrus orchards due to its role in transmitting Huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, chemical control remains the most effective strategy for ACP management. Mineral oils are commonly used as insecticides or adjuvants in integrated pest management (IPM) practices. To extend the product life of synthetic pesticides, we evaluated the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF), thiamethoxam (THX), or pyriproxyfen (PPF) mixed with mineral oil Lvying (LY) against ACP nymphs under different weather conditions. Individual application of CPF, THX, and PPF effectively controlled against ACP nymphs under no rain conditions, with mortality rates varying from 20 to 100% during 1–5 d after treatment. The addition of LY at 1.0% or 0.5% rates to CPF, THX, and PPF significantly enhanced their control efficacy, achieving sustained mortality rates from 60 to 100% during the same period. Light rain had less impact on the control efficacy of these insecticide mixtures compared to individual insecticides. However, cumulative rainfall above 20 mm significantly reduced the control efficacy of individual insecticides and their mixtures. The addition of LY decreased both surface tension and contact angle of THX solution on citrus leaves, thereby enhancing the solution’s wetting and increasing THX deposition. Moreover, the rainfastness of THX was improved after adding LY, leading to a greater retention on the leaves. LY at a rate of 1.0% exhibited excellent efficacy against ACP nymphs, and observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that LY altered ACP mouthpart morphology and blocked spiracles, likely contributing to its insecticidal effects. This study revealed that mineral oils can serve as both insecticides to combine with synthetic pesticides for enhancing toxicity against ACP and as adjuvants to facilitate the deposition and rainfastness of synthetic pesticides on leaves, which could be recommended for sustainable ACP management in citrus orchards. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bc21c2ba6c814e86bbccc9a7c02cb0d4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj-art-bc21c2ba6c814e86bbccc9a7c02cb0d42025-01-24T13:35:38ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-12-011612810.3390/insects16010028Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying ClimatesWei Hu0Kejing Wang1Xiaoyue Zhong2Pei Jiang3Shunchang Zhang4Zhanjun Lu5Zhixiang Zhang6Long Yi7Ning Zhang8National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaNational Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaNational Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaNational Agro-Tech Extension and Service Center, Beijing 100125, ChinaZhejiang Province Taizhou City Agricultural Means of Production Co., Ltd., Taizhou 318000, ChinaNational Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaNational Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, ChinaNational Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaNational Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, College of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, ChinaAsian citrus psyllid (ACP), <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is one of the most devastating pests in citrus orchards due to its role in transmitting Huanglongbing (HLB). Currently, chemical control remains the most effective strategy for ACP management. Mineral oils are commonly used as insecticides or adjuvants in integrated pest management (IPM) practices. To extend the product life of synthetic pesticides, we evaluated the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF), thiamethoxam (THX), or pyriproxyfen (PPF) mixed with mineral oil Lvying (LY) against ACP nymphs under different weather conditions. Individual application of CPF, THX, and PPF effectively controlled against ACP nymphs under no rain conditions, with mortality rates varying from 20 to 100% during 1–5 d after treatment. The addition of LY at 1.0% or 0.5% rates to CPF, THX, and PPF significantly enhanced their control efficacy, achieving sustained mortality rates from 60 to 100% during the same period. Light rain had less impact on the control efficacy of these insecticide mixtures compared to individual insecticides. However, cumulative rainfall above 20 mm significantly reduced the control efficacy of individual insecticides and their mixtures. The addition of LY decreased both surface tension and contact angle of THX solution on citrus leaves, thereby enhancing the solution’s wetting and increasing THX deposition. Moreover, the rainfastness of THX was improved after adding LY, leading to a greater retention on the leaves. LY at a rate of 1.0% exhibited excellent efficacy against ACP nymphs, and observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that LY altered ACP mouthpart morphology and blocked spiracles, likely contributing to its insecticidal effects. This study revealed that mineral oils can serve as both insecticides to combine with synthetic pesticides for enhancing toxicity against ACP and as adjuvants to facilitate the deposition and rainfastness of synthetic pesticides on leaves, which could be recommended for sustainable ACP management in citrus orchards.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/28<i>Diaphorina citri</i>synthetic insecticidesmineral oilcontrol efficacyrainfall |
| spellingShingle | Wei Hu Kejing Wang Xiaoyue Zhong Pei Jiang Shunchang Zhang Zhanjun Lu Zhixiang Zhang Long Yi Ning Zhang Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates Insects <i>Diaphorina citri</i> synthetic insecticides mineral oil control efficacy rainfall |
| title | Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates |
| title_full | Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates |
| title_short | Enhanced Control Efficacy of Different Insecticides Mixed with Mineral Oil Against Asian Citrus Psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> Kuwayama, Under Varying Climates |
| title_sort | enhanced control efficacy of different insecticides mixed with mineral oil against asian citrus psyllid i diaphorina citri i kuwayama under varying climates |
| topic | <i>Diaphorina citri</i> synthetic insecticides mineral oil control efficacy rainfall |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/28 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weihu enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT kejingwang enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT xiaoyuezhong enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT peijiang enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT shunchangzhang enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT zhanjunlu enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT zhixiangzhang enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT longyi enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates AT ningzhang enhancedcontrolefficacyofdifferentinsecticidesmixedwithmineraloilagainstasiancitruspsyllididiaphorinacitriikuwayamaundervaryingclimates |