Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan
The genus Amblyomma contains the highest percentage of reptile-associated ticks, and comprises approximately nine subgenera. One of these subgenera is Adenopleura, which also encompasses Amblyomma javanense, and its type species Amblyomma compressum. This study describes a new Amblyomma species asso...
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Elsevier
2024-11-01
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| Series: | Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000542 |
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| author | Abid Ali Mehran Khan Abdulaziz Alouffi Mashal M. Almutairi Archile Paguem Lidia Chitimia-Dobler Ronel Pienaar Minique H. de Castro Ben J. Mans |
| author_facet | Abid Ali Mehran Khan Abdulaziz Alouffi Mashal M. Almutairi Archile Paguem Lidia Chitimia-Dobler Ronel Pienaar Minique H. de Castro Ben J. Mans |
| author_sort | Abid Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The genus Amblyomma contains the highest percentage of reptile-associated ticks, and comprises approximately nine subgenera. One of these subgenera is Adenopleura, which also encompasses Amblyomma javanense, and its type species Amblyomma compressum. This study describes a new Amblyomma species associated with Bengal monitor lizards (Varanus bengalensis) based on morphology and its mitogenome in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Reptiles belonging to different genera were examined for Amblyomma ticks and only the monitor lizard was infested with ticks in the District Bajaur. Collected Amblyomma cf. javanense ticks were analyzed and formally described as a new species. Overall, 57 A. cf. javanense ticks were collected on monitor lizards (4/27) with a 15% prevalence of infestation, 2.1 mean abundance, and 14.3 mean intensity. Ticks comprised males (n = 23, 40%), females (n = 14, 25%) and nymphs (n = 20, 35%), while no larvae were found. BLAST analysis of A. cf. javanense sequences showed the following maximum identities; 98.25% with undetermined Amblyomma species based on 12S rRNA, 96.07% with A. javanense based on 16S rRNA, 99.56% and 90.95% with an Amblyomma sp. and A. javanense, respectively, based on ITS2. Moreover, the mitochondrial genome of A. cf. javanense showed maximum identities of 80.75%, 80.48% and 79.42% with Amblyomma testudinarium, A. javanense, and Amblyomma sp., respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of A. cf. javanense revealed that its 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA are closely related to an Amblyomma sp. and A. javanense, respectively, from Sri Lanka, its ITS2 is closely related to A. javanense from China and an Amblyomma sp. from Sri Lanka, and its mitogenome is closely related to A. javanense and Amblyomma sp. from China. The pairwise distance analysis resulted in divergence of 0–1.71% (12S rRNA), 0–17.5% (16S rRNA), 0–9.1% (ITS2) and 0–20.5% (mitochondrial genome). We also contributed the full-length mitochondrial genome sequence of A. compressum and showed that this species does not share a most recent common ancestor with A. javanense. As the subgenus Adenopleura is paraphyletic, this study could help to understand the systematics and phylogeny of this taxon. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbfd932f5bc54ea9a10ac5cbfa37ed0e |
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| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbfd932f5bc54ea9a10ac5cbfa37ed0e2025-08-20T02:37:39ZengElsevierTicks and Tick-Borne Diseases1877-96032024-11-0115610236110.1016/j.ttbdis.2024.102361Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in PakistanAbid Ali0Mehran Khan1Abdulaziz Alouffi2Mashal M. Almutairi3Archile Paguem4Lidia Chitimia-Dobler5Ronel Pienaar6Minique H. de Castro7Ben J. Mans8Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan; Corresponding authors.Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, PakistanKing Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh 12354, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Buea, Buea, CameroonRickettsiology and Virology, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich 80937, Germany; Infection and Pandemic Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Immunology, Penzberg, GermanyEpidemiology, Parasites and Vectors, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South AfricaThe Biotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council-Biotechnology Platform, Onderstepoort 0110, South AfricaEpidemiology, Parasites and Vectors, Agricultural Research Council-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort, South Africa; Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa; Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa; Corresponding authors.The genus Amblyomma contains the highest percentage of reptile-associated ticks, and comprises approximately nine subgenera. One of these subgenera is Adenopleura, which also encompasses Amblyomma javanense, and its type species Amblyomma compressum. This study describes a new Amblyomma species associated with Bengal monitor lizards (Varanus bengalensis) based on morphology and its mitogenome in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Reptiles belonging to different genera were examined for Amblyomma ticks and only the monitor lizard was infested with ticks in the District Bajaur. Collected Amblyomma cf. javanense ticks were analyzed and formally described as a new species. Overall, 57 A. cf. javanense ticks were collected on monitor lizards (4/27) with a 15% prevalence of infestation, 2.1 mean abundance, and 14.3 mean intensity. Ticks comprised males (n = 23, 40%), females (n = 14, 25%) and nymphs (n = 20, 35%), while no larvae were found. BLAST analysis of A. cf. javanense sequences showed the following maximum identities; 98.25% with undetermined Amblyomma species based on 12S rRNA, 96.07% with A. javanense based on 16S rRNA, 99.56% and 90.95% with an Amblyomma sp. and A. javanense, respectively, based on ITS2. Moreover, the mitochondrial genome of A. cf. javanense showed maximum identities of 80.75%, 80.48% and 79.42% with Amblyomma testudinarium, A. javanense, and Amblyomma sp., respectively. The phylogenetic analysis of A. cf. javanense revealed that its 12S rRNA and 16S rRNA are closely related to an Amblyomma sp. and A. javanense, respectively, from Sri Lanka, its ITS2 is closely related to A. javanense from China and an Amblyomma sp. from Sri Lanka, and its mitogenome is closely related to A. javanense and Amblyomma sp. from China. The pairwise distance analysis resulted in divergence of 0–1.71% (12S rRNA), 0–17.5% (16S rRNA), 0–9.1% (ITS2) and 0–20.5% (mitochondrial genome). We also contributed the full-length mitochondrial genome sequence of A. compressum and showed that this species does not share a most recent common ancestor with A. javanense. As the subgenus Adenopleura is paraphyletic, this study could help to understand the systematics and phylogeny of this taxon.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000542TicksAmblyomma cf. javenense.ReptilesMitogenomePakistan |
| spellingShingle | Abid Ali Mehran Khan Abdulaziz Alouffi Mashal M. Almutairi Archile Paguem Lidia Chitimia-Dobler Ronel Pienaar Minique H. de Castro Ben J. Mans Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases Ticks Amblyomma cf. javenense. Reptiles Mitogenome Pakistan |
| title | Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan |
| title_full | Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan |
| title_short | Description of a new tick species, closely related to Amblyomma javanense (Supino, 1897), associated with Varanus bengalensis (Squamata: Varanidae) in Pakistan |
| title_sort | description of a new tick species closely related to amblyomma javanense supino 1897 associated with varanus bengalensis squamata varanidae in pakistan |
| topic | Ticks Amblyomma cf. javenense. Reptiles Mitogenome Pakistan |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X24000542 |
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