Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines
Background: Cervical, breast, and ovarian cancers exhibit significant incidence and fatality rates, necessitating diverse approaches for effective cancer cell eradication while preserving normal cells. The aim of this study is to explore the in vitro apoptosis-inducing properties of hydroalcoholic...
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Royan Institute (ACECR), Tehran
2025-07-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Fertility and Sterility |
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| author | Mahdi Moradi Kooshkmeydani Arezoo Khoradmehr Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi Alireza Tavassoli Farzad Mohammad Rezazadeh Gholamhossein Mohebbi Asset A Kaliyev Nadiar Mussin Mojtaba Farjam Kulyash R.Zhilisbayeva Amin Tamadon |
| author_facet | Mahdi Moradi Kooshkmeydani Arezoo Khoradmehr Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi Alireza Tavassoli Farzad Mohammad Rezazadeh Gholamhossein Mohebbi Asset A Kaliyev Nadiar Mussin Mojtaba Farjam Kulyash R.Zhilisbayeva Amin Tamadon |
| author_sort | Mahdi Moradi Kooshkmeydani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Cervical, breast, and ovarian cancers exhibit significant incidence and fatality rates, necessitating diverse approaches for effective cancer cell eradication while preserving normal cells. The aim of this study is to explore the in vitro apoptosis-inducing properties of hydroalcoholic extracts from Cyperus rotundus’ (C. rotundus) leaf using human gynecological cancer cell lines.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from the leaf of C. rotundus using ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate. These extracts were applied to MCF-7, HeLa, OVCAR-3, and Vero cell lines at concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 g/ml. MTT test, assessing inhibition of proliferation at 50% (IC50), was employed to evaluate each extract’s ability to inhibit cell proliferation. Subsequently, apoptosis-related gene and protein regulation were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.Results: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the methanolic extract contained hexadecanoic acid and dodecanoic acid. The ethanolic extract was found to have norspermidine and desulphosinigrin. Additionally, the ethyl acetate extract included vitamin E, 1-heptatriacotanol, lupeol, betulin, stigmasterol, and stearic acid. The HeLa treatment group with 6.25 μg/ml of ethyl acetate extract, MCF-7, and OVCAR-3 cells with 3.125 μg/ ml of methanol extract treatment group exhibited the most significant growth inhibition in the MTT assay. Further analysis of these treatment groups revealed that the transcription and translation of BAX, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 increased overall, whereas Bcl-2 decreased in all cell lines.Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts from C. rotundus’ leaf may enhance the apoptosis of cancer cells by modulating the transcription, translation, and post-translation of proteins, with minimal impact on the growth and survival of non-cancerous cells. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbda93b46e2a4a7995671c6a1795298b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2008-076X 2008-0778 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | Royan Institute (ACECR), Tehran |
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| series | International Journal of Fertility and Sterility |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbda93b46e2a4a7995671c6a1795298b2025-08-20T03:27:33ZengRoyan Institute (ACECR), TehranInternational Journal of Fertility and Sterility2008-076X2008-07782025-07-0119332633610.22074/ijfs.2024.2019125.1602719323Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell LinesMahdi Moradi Kooshkmeydani0Arezoo Khoradmehr1Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi2Alireza Tavassoli3Farzad Mohammad Rezazadeh4Gholamhossein Mohebbi5Asset A Kaliyev6Nadiar Mussin7Mojtaba Farjam8Kulyash R.Zhilisbayeva9Amin Tamadon10Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IranPersian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranYazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, IranDepartment of Pathology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IranDepartment of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranPersian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, IranDepartment of General Surgery, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, KazakhstanDepartment of General Surgery, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, KazakhstanNoncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, IranDepartment of Scientific Work, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, KazakhstanDepartment of Natural Sciences, West Kazakhstan Marat Ospanov Medical University, Aktobe, KazakhstanBackground: Cervical, breast, and ovarian cancers exhibit significant incidence and fatality rates, necessitating diverse approaches for effective cancer cell eradication while preserving normal cells. The aim of this study is to explore the in vitro apoptosis-inducing properties of hydroalcoholic extracts from Cyperus rotundus’ (C. rotundus) leaf using human gynecological cancer cell lines.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from the leaf of C. rotundus using ethanol, methanol, and ethyl acetate. These extracts were applied to MCF-7, HeLa, OVCAR-3, and Vero cell lines at concentrations of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 g/ml. MTT test, assessing inhibition of proliferation at 50% (IC50), was employed to evaluate each extract’s ability to inhibit cell proliferation. Subsequently, apoptosis-related gene and protein regulation were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis.Results: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that the methanolic extract contained hexadecanoic acid and dodecanoic acid. The ethanolic extract was found to have norspermidine and desulphosinigrin. Additionally, the ethyl acetate extract included vitamin E, 1-heptatriacotanol, lupeol, betulin, stigmasterol, and stearic acid. The HeLa treatment group with 6.25 μg/ml of ethyl acetate extract, MCF-7, and OVCAR-3 cells with 3.125 μg/ ml of methanol extract treatment group exhibited the most significant growth inhibition in the MTT assay. Further analysis of these treatment groups revealed that the transcription and translation of BAX, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 increased overall, whereas Bcl-2 decreased in all cell lines.Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extracts from C. rotundus’ leaf may enhance the apoptosis of cancer cells by modulating the transcription, translation, and post-translation of proteins, with minimal impact on the growth and survival of non-cancerous cells.https://www.ijfs.ir/article_719323_a8dc67477c5732a83d55d8e424f5bf1c.pdfapoptosis, breast cancercervical cancerhydroalcoholic extractsovarian cancer |
| spellingShingle | Mahdi Moradi Kooshkmeydani Arezoo Khoradmehr Ali Dehghani Firoozabadi Alireza Tavassoli Farzad Mohammad Rezazadeh Gholamhossein Mohebbi Asset A Kaliyev Nadiar Mussin Mojtaba Farjam Kulyash R.Zhilisbayeva Amin Tamadon Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines International Journal of Fertility and Sterility apoptosis, breast cancer cervical cancer hydroalcoholic extracts ovarian cancer |
| title | Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_full | Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_fullStr | Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_short | Induction of Apoptosis by Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethyl Acetate Extracts from Cyperus Rotundus' Leaf on In Vitro Human Ovarian, Cervix, and Breast Cancer Cell Lines |
| title_sort | induction of apoptosis by ethanol methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from cyperus rotundus leaf on in vitro human ovarian cervix and breast cancer cell lines |
| topic | apoptosis, breast cancer cervical cancer hydroalcoholic extracts ovarian cancer |
| url | https://www.ijfs.ir/article_719323_a8dc67477c5732a83d55d8e424f5bf1c.pdf |
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