Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case

Progeria, or Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome is a rare disease from the group of laminopathies characterized by premature aging with skin, bones and cardiovascular system lesions. Pathogenesis is based on pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene leading to anomalies in the nuclear membrane morphology, gene...

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Main Authors: Natalia V. Buchinskaya, Aida Zh. Akhenbekova, Aliya A. Bugybay, Mikhail M. Kostik
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: "Paediatrician" Publishers LLC 2022-07-01
Series:Вопросы современной педиатрии
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Online Access:https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2954
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author Natalia V. Buchinskaya
Aida Zh. Akhenbekova
Aliya A. Bugybay
Mikhail M. Kostik
author_facet Natalia V. Buchinskaya
Aida Zh. Akhenbekova
Aliya A. Bugybay
Mikhail M. Kostik
author_sort Natalia V. Buchinskaya
collection DOAJ
description Progeria, or Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome is a rare disease from the group of laminopathies characterized by premature aging with skin, bones and cardiovascular system lesions. Pathogenesis is based on pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene leading to anomalies in the nuclear membrane morphology, gene expression disruption, chromatin structure changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA repair and alternative splicing defects, and telomere shortening acceleration. Major manifestations of the disease are: skin lesions (scleroderma-like syndrome and pigmented lesions), lipodystrophy, late teeth eruption, teeth crowding, alopecia, nail dystrophy, osteolysis of distal phalanges, hip joints valgus deformation, joints contractures, atherosclerosis, hearing loss, early heart attacks and strokes. Scleroderma-like skin changes, osteoporosis, flexion contractures of hands’ interphalangeal joints, and hip joints osteoarthritis require differential diagnosis with rheumatic diseases. The basic strategy in management of patients with progeria is the prevention and treatment of its cardiovascular manifestations (early strokes and heart attacks, arterial hypertension, and atherosclerosis), as well as the increase of patients’ quality of life and daily activity. The efficacy of therapy in patients with progeria via the use of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (monotherapy; combination with bisphosphonates or statins), retinoids, and 1,25(OH)2 — vitamin D3 is studied. This literature review is updated with clinical case description of a girl with progeria. The diagnosis was confirmed by sequencing of the LMNA gene (Sanger), and previously described pathogenic variant in exon 11 (c.1824C>T, rs58596362) in the heterozygous state (p.Gly608Gly, NM_170707.3) was revealed.
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spelling doaj-art-bbbbd5cb01be418299376173919843a82025-08-20T03:01:17Zeng"Paediatrician" Publishers LLCВопросы современной педиатрии1682-55271682-55352022-07-0121325326410.15690/vsp.v21i3.24312043Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical CaseNatalia V. Buchinskaya0Aida Zh. Akhenbekova1Aliya A. Bugybay2Mikhail M. Kostik3Saint-Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic medical center)Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical UniversityScientific Center of Pediatrics and Pediatric SurgerySaint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University; Almazov National Medical Research CentreProgeria, or Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome is a rare disease from the group of laminopathies characterized by premature aging with skin, bones and cardiovascular system lesions. Pathogenesis is based on pathogenic variants in the LMNA gene leading to anomalies in the nuclear membrane morphology, gene expression disruption, chromatin structure changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA repair and alternative splicing defects, and telomere shortening acceleration. Major manifestations of the disease are: skin lesions (scleroderma-like syndrome and pigmented lesions), lipodystrophy, late teeth eruption, teeth crowding, alopecia, nail dystrophy, osteolysis of distal phalanges, hip joints valgus deformation, joints contractures, atherosclerosis, hearing loss, early heart attacks and strokes. Scleroderma-like skin changes, osteoporosis, flexion contractures of hands’ interphalangeal joints, and hip joints osteoarthritis require differential diagnosis with rheumatic diseases. The basic strategy in management of patients with progeria is the prevention and treatment of its cardiovascular manifestations (early strokes and heart attacks, arterial hypertension, and atherosclerosis), as well as the increase of patients’ quality of life and daily activity. The efficacy of therapy in patients with progeria via the use of farnesyltransferase inhibitors (monotherapy; combination with bisphosphonates or statins), retinoids, and 1,25(OH)2 — vitamin D3 is studied. This literature review is updated with clinical case description of a girl with progeria. The diagnosis was confirmed by sequencing of the LMNA gene (Sanger), and previously described pathogenic variant in exon 11 (c.1824C>T, rs58596362) in the heterozygous state (p.Gly608Gly, NM_170707.3) was revealed.https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2954progeriahutchinson-gilford syndromepremature aginglmna genecongenital sclerodermiatreatment
spellingShingle Natalia V. Buchinskaya
Aida Zh. Akhenbekova
Aliya A. Bugybay
Mikhail M. Kostik
Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
Вопросы современной педиатрии
progeria
hutchinson-gilford syndrome
premature aging
lmna gene
congenital sclerodermia
treatment
title Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
title_full Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
title_fullStr Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
title_full_unstemmed Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
title_short Progeria (Hutchinson-Gilford Syndrome): Literature Review and Clinical Case
title_sort progeria hutchinson gilford syndrome literature review and clinical case
topic progeria
hutchinson-gilford syndrome
premature aging
lmna gene
congenital sclerodermia
treatment
url https://vsp.spr-journal.ru/jour/article/view/2954
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AT aliyaabugybay progeriahutchinsongilfordsyndromeliteraturereviewandclinicalcase
AT mikhailmkostik progeriahutchinsongilfordsyndromeliteraturereviewandclinicalcase