Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.

Local supra-linear summation of excitatory inputs occurring in pyramidal cell dendrites, the so-called dendritic spikes, results in independent spiking dendritic sub-units, which turn pyramidal neurons into two-layer neural networks capable of computing linearly non-separable functions, such as the...

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Main Authors: Romain Daniel Cazé, Mark Humphries, Boris Gutkin
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013-01-01
Series:PLoS Computational Biology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002867
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author Romain Daniel Cazé
Mark Humphries
Boris Gutkin
author_facet Romain Daniel Cazé
Mark Humphries
Boris Gutkin
author_sort Romain Daniel Cazé
collection DOAJ
description Local supra-linear summation of excitatory inputs occurring in pyramidal cell dendrites, the so-called dendritic spikes, results in independent spiking dendritic sub-units, which turn pyramidal neurons into two-layer neural networks capable of computing linearly non-separable functions, such as the exclusive OR. Other neuron classes, such as interneurons, may possess only a few independent dendritic sub-units, or only passive dendrites where input summation is purely sub-linear, and where dendritic sub-units are only saturating. To determine if such neurons can also compute linearly non-separable functions, we enumerate, for a given parameter range, the Boolean functions implementable by a binary neuron model with a linear sub-unit and either a single spiking or a saturating dendritic sub-unit. We then analytically generalize these numerical results to an arbitrary number of non-linear sub-units. First, we show that a single non-linear dendritic sub-unit, in addition to the somatic non-linearity, is sufficient to compute linearly non-separable functions. Second, we analytically prove that, with a sufficient number of saturating dendritic sub-units, a neuron can compute all functions computable with purely excitatory inputs. Third, we show that these linearly non-separable functions can be implemented with at least two strategies: one where a dendritic sub-unit is sufficient to trigger a somatic spike; another where somatic spiking requires the cooperation of multiple dendritic sub-units. We formally prove that implementing the latter architecture is possible with both types of dendritic sub-units whereas the former is only possible with spiking dendrites. Finally, we show how linearly non-separable functions can be computed by a generic two-compartment biophysical model and a realistic neuron model of the cerebellar stellate cell interneuron. Taken together our results demonstrate that passive dendrites are sufficient to enable neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
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spelling doaj-art-bbb87a669bf04499aade9e8616c8aec42025-08-20T02:34:09ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Computational Biology1553-734X1553-73582013-01-0192e100286710.1371/journal.pcbi.1002867Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.Romain Daniel CazéMark HumphriesBoris GutkinLocal supra-linear summation of excitatory inputs occurring in pyramidal cell dendrites, the so-called dendritic spikes, results in independent spiking dendritic sub-units, which turn pyramidal neurons into two-layer neural networks capable of computing linearly non-separable functions, such as the exclusive OR. Other neuron classes, such as interneurons, may possess only a few independent dendritic sub-units, or only passive dendrites where input summation is purely sub-linear, and where dendritic sub-units are only saturating. To determine if such neurons can also compute linearly non-separable functions, we enumerate, for a given parameter range, the Boolean functions implementable by a binary neuron model with a linear sub-unit and either a single spiking or a saturating dendritic sub-unit. We then analytically generalize these numerical results to an arbitrary number of non-linear sub-units. First, we show that a single non-linear dendritic sub-unit, in addition to the somatic non-linearity, is sufficient to compute linearly non-separable functions. Second, we analytically prove that, with a sufficient number of saturating dendritic sub-units, a neuron can compute all functions computable with purely excitatory inputs. Third, we show that these linearly non-separable functions can be implemented with at least two strategies: one where a dendritic sub-unit is sufficient to trigger a somatic spike; another where somatic spiking requires the cooperation of multiple dendritic sub-units. We formally prove that implementing the latter architecture is possible with both types of dendritic sub-units whereas the former is only possible with spiking dendrites. Finally, we show how linearly non-separable functions can be computed by a generic two-compartment biophysical model and a realistic neuron model of the cerebellar stellate cell interneuron. Taken together our results demonstrate that passive dendrites are sufficient to enable neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002867
spellingShingle Romain Daniel Cazé
Mark Humphries
Boris Gutkin
Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
PLoS Computational Biology
title Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
title_full Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
title_fullStr Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
title_full_unstemmed Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
title_short Passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non-separable functions.
title_sort passive dendrites enable single neurons to compute linearly non separable functions
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002867
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AT markhumphries passivedendritesenablesingleneuronstocomputelinearlynonseparablefunctions
AT borisgutkin passivedendritesenablesingleneuronstocomputelinearlynonseparablefunctions