Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform
Abstract Background The histopathological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies, particularly through the quantification of the Focus Score (FS), is pivotal in the diagnostic workflow for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). AI-based image recognition using deep learning models has demonstrated potenti...
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BMC
2024-11-01
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| Series: | BMC Rheumatology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-024-00417-3 |
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| author | Jorge Álvarez Troncoso Elena Ruiz-Bravo Clara Soto Abánades Alexandre Dumusc Álvaro López-Janeiro Thomas Hügle |
| author_facet | Jorge Álvarez Troncoso Elena Ruiz-Bravo Clara Soto Abánades Alexandre Dumusc Álvaro López-Janeiro Thomas Hügle |
| author_sort | Jorge Álvarez Troncoso |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The histopathological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies, particularly through the quantification of the Focus Score (FS), is pivotal in the diagnostic workflow for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). AI-based image recognition using deep learning models has demonstrated potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in preclinical research. Objectives The primary aim of this investigation was to utilize an auto-machine learning (autoML) platform for the automated segmentation and quantification of FS on histopathological slides, aiming to augment diagnostic precision and speed in SS. Methods A cohort comprising 86 patients with sicca syndrome (37 diagnosed with SS based on the 2016 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria and 49 non-SS) was selected for an in-depth histological examination. A repository of 172 slides (two per patient) was assembled, encompassing 74 slides meeting the classificatory thresholds for SS (FS ≥ 1, indicative of lymphocytic infiltration) and 98 slides showcasing normal salivary gland histology. The autoML platform utilized (Giotto, L2F, Lausanne Switzerland) employed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture (ResNet-152) for the training and validation phases, using a dataset of 172 slides. Results The developed model exhibited a reliability score of 0.88, proficiently distinguishing SS cases, with a sensitivity of 89.47% (95% CI: 66.86% to 98.70%) and a specificity of 88.24% (95% CI: 63.56% to 98.54%). The model found histological slides of suboptimal quality (e.g., those compromised during fixation or staining processes) to be the most challenging for accurate classification. Conclusion AutoML platforms offer a rapid and flexible approach to developing machine learning models, even with smaller datasets, as demonstrated in this study for SS. These platforms hold significant potential for enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency in both clinical and research settings. Multicentric studies with larger patient cohorts are essential for thorough evaluation and validation of this innovative diagnostic approach. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bbb4bfa22e964a7fb2c007ecc05fc6a8 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2520-1026 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-11-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Rheumatology |
| spelling | doaj-art-bbb4bfa22e964a7fb2c007ecc05fc6a82025-08-20T02:13:32ZengBMCBMC Rheumatology2520-10262024-11-01811810.1186/s41927-024-00417-3Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platformJorge Álvarez Troncoso0Elena Ruiz-Bravo1Clara Soto Abánades2Alexandre Dumusc3Álvaro López-Janeiro4Thomas Hügle5Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La PazPathology Department, Hospital Universitario La PazSystemic Autoimmune Diseases Unit, Hospital Universitario La PazDepartment of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV)Pathology Department, Clínica Universidad de NavarraDepartment of Rheumatology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV)Abstract Background The histopathological analysis of minor salivary gland biopsies, particularly through the quantification of the Focus Score (FS), is pivotal in the diagnostic workflow for Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). AI-based image recognition using deep learning models has demonstrated potential in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and efficiency in preclinical research. Objectives The primary aim of this investigation was to utilize an auto-machine learning (autoML) platform for the automated segmentation and quantification of FS on histopathological slides, aiming to augment diagnostic precision and speed in SS. Methods A cohort comprising 86 patients with sicca syndrome (37 diagnosed with SS based on the 2016 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria and 49 non-SS) was selected for an in-depth histological examination. A repository of 172 slides (two per patient) was assembled, encompassing 74 slides meeting the classificatory thresholds for SS (FS ≥ 1, indicative of lymphocytic infiltration) and 98 slides showcasing normal salivary gland histology. The autoML platform utilized (Giotto, L2F, Lausanne Switzerland) employed a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture (ResNet-152) for the training and validation phases, using a dataset of 172 slides. Results The developed model exhibited a reliability score of 0.88, proficiently distinguishing SS cases, with a sensitivity of 89.47% (95% CI: 66.86% to 98.70%) and a specificity of 88.24% (95% CI: 63.56% to 98.54%). The model found histological slides of suboptimal quality (e.g., those compromised during fixation or staining processes) to be the most challenging for accurate classification. Conclusion AutoML platforms offer a rapid and flexible approach to developing machine learning models, even with smaller datasets, as demonstrated in this study for SS. These platforms hold significant potential for enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency in both clinical and research settings. Multicentric studies with larger patient cohorts are essential for thorough evaluation and validation of this innovative diagnostic approach.https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-024-00417-3Artificial intelligenceSalivary gland biopsySjögrenSicca |
| spellingShingle | Jorge Álvarez Troncoso Elena Ruiz-Bravo Clara Soto Abánades Alexandre Dumusc Álvaro López-Janeiro Thomas Hügle Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform BMC Rheumatology Artificial intelligence Salivary gland biopsy Sjögren Sicca |
| title | Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform |
| title_full | Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform |
| title_fullStr | Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform |
| title_full_unstemmed | Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform |
| title_short | Classification of salivary gland biopsies in Sjögren’s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto-machine learning platform |
| title_sort | classification of salivary gland biopsies in sjogren s syndrome by a convolutional neural network using an auto machine learning platform |
| topic | Artificial intelligence Salivary gland biopsy Sjögren Sicca |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s41927-024-00417-3 |
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