Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences.
The male bias in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) has led to females with ASC being under-researched. This lack of attention to females could hide variability due to sex that may explain some of the heterogeneity within ASC. In this study we investigate four key cognitive domains (mentalizing and em...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047198&type=printable |
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| author | Meng-Chuan Lai Michael V Lombardo Amber N V Ruigrok Bhismadev Chakrabarti Sally J Wheelwright Bonnie Auyeung Carrie Allison MRC AIMS Consortium Simon Baron-Cohen |
| author_facet | Meng-Chuan Lai Michael V Lombardo Amber N V Ruigrok Bhismadev Chakrabarti Sally J Wheelwright Bonnie Auyeung Carrie Allison MRC AIMS Consortium Simon Baron-Cohen |
| author_sort | Meng-Chuan Lai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The male bias in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) has led to females with ASC being under-researched. This lack of attention to females could hide variability due to sex that may explain some of the heterogeneity within ASC. In this study we investigate four key cognitive domains (mentalizing and emotion perception, executive function, perceptual attention to detail, and motor function) in ASC, to test for similarities and differences between males and females with and without ASC (n = 128 adults; n = 32 per group). In the mentalizing and facial emotion perception domain, males and females with ASC showed similar deficits compared to neurotypical controls. However, in attention to detail and dexterity involving executive function, although males with ASC showed poorer performance relative to neurotypical males, females with ASC performed comparably to neurotypical females. We conclude that performance in the social-cognitive domain is equally impaired in male and female adults with ASC. However, in specific non-social cognitive domains, performance within ASC depends on sex. This suggests that in specific domains, cognitive profiles in ASC are modulated by sex. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bb9ad3316f3a4e73867b198b9ed9a30e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-bb9ad3316f3a4e73867b198b9ed9a30e2025-08-20T02:30:56ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-01710e4719810.1371/journal.pone.0047198Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences.Meng-Chuan LaiMichael V LombardoAmber N V RuigrokBhismadev ChakrabartiSally J WheelwrightBonnie AuyeungCarrie AllisonMRC AIMS ConsortiumSimon Baron-CohenThe male bias in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) has led to females with ASC being under-researched. This lack of attention to females could hide variability due to sex that may explain some of the heterogeneity within ASC. In this study we investigate four key cognitive domains (mentalizing and emotion perception, executive function, perceptual attention to detail, and motor function) in ASC, to test for similarities and differences between males and females with and without ASC (n = 128 adults; n = 32 per group). In the mentalizing and facial emotion perception domain, males and females with ASC showed similar deficits compared to neurotypical controls. However, in attention to detail and dexterity involving executive function, although males with ASC showed poorer performance relative to neurotypical males, females with ASC performed comparably to neurotypical females. We conclude that performance in the social-cognitive domain is equally impaired in male and female adults with ASC. However, in specific non-social cognitive domains, performance within ASC depends on sex. This suggests that in specific domains, cognitive profiles in ASC are modulated by sex.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047198&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Meng-Chuan Lai Michael V Lombardo Amber N V Ruigrok Bhismadev Chakrabarti Sally J Wheelwright Bonnie Auyeung Carrie Allison MRC AIMS Consortium Simon Baron-Cohen Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. PLoS ONE |
| title | Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. |
| title_full | Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. |
| title_fullStr | Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. |
| title_short | Cognition in males and females with autism: similarities and differences. |
| title_sort | cognition in males and females with autism similarities and differences |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047198&type=printable |
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