A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters

Ultra-low-supply-voltage (ULV) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) operating at 0.21 V or lower are attractive for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and embedded applications due to their extremely low power consumption. This paper surveys state-of-the-art ULV ADCs to evaluate current trends and design strat...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Eric Christie, Jared Marchant, Shea Smith, Long Kong, Chia-Hung Chen, Shiuh-Hua Wood Chiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2025-01-01
Series:IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems
Subjects:
Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11106915/
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850051564625985536
author Eric Christie
Jared Marchant
Shea Smith
Long Kong
Chia-Hung Chen
Shiuh-Hua Wood Chiang
author_facet Eric Christie
Jared Marchant
Shea Smith
Long Kong
Chia-Hung Chen
Shiuh-Hua Wood Chiang
author_sort Eric Christie
collection DOAJ
description Ultra-low-supply-voltage (ULV) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) operating at 0.21 V or lower are attractive for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and embedded applications due to their extremely low power consumption. This paper surveys state-of-the-art ULV ADCs to evaluate current trends and design strategies. Architectures, circuit implementations, and calibration techniques are analyzed and key trends are identified. Based on the observations, the paper provides recommendations for the circuit designer to make judicious design choices to obtain the desired performance for ULV ADCs. This paper further explores the VCO-based architecture and proposes a new topology to achieve high resolution for ULV ADCs.
format Article
id doaj-art-bb6c14e52a7042b6a9de57e9c8c040d4
institution DOAJ
issn 2644-1225
language English
publishDate 2025-01-01
publisher IEEE
record_format Article
series IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems
spelling doaj-art-bb6c14e52a7042b6a9de57e9c8c040d42025-08-20T02:53:06ZengIEEEIEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems2644-12252025-01-01622824010.1109/OJCAS.2025.357433611106915A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital ConvertersEric Christie0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1799-9140Jared Marchant1https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6532-4003Shea Smith2Long Kong3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6568-3071Chia-Hung Chen4https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7753-1721Shiuh-Hua Wood Chiang5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8091-6569Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USASchool of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, ChinaAccuPulse, Ogden, UT, USADepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USAUltra-low-supply-voltage (ULV) analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) operating at 0.21 V or lower are attractive for Internet-of-Things (IoT) and embedded applications due to their extremely low power consumption. This paper surveys state-of-the-art ULV ADCs to evaluate current trends and design strategies. Architectures, circuit implementations, and calibration techniques are analyzed and key trends are identified. Based on the observations, the paper provides recommendations for the circuit designer to make judicious design choices to obtain the desired performance for ULV ADCs. This paper further explores the VCO-based architecture and proposes a new topology to achieve high resolution for ULV ADCs.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11106915/Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)ultra-low supply voltage (ULV)ultra-low power (ULP)subthreshold operationvoltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)
spellingShingle Eric Christie
Jared Marchant
Shea Smith
Long Kong
Chia-Hung Chen
Shiuh-Hua Wood Chiang
A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems
Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
ultra-low supply voltage (ULV)
ultra-low power (ULP)
subthreshold operation
voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)
title A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
title_full A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
title_fullStr A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
title_full_unstemmed A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
title_short A Review on Sub-0.21-V Ultra-Low-Supply-Voltage Analog-to-Digital Converters
title_sort review on sub 0 21 v ultra low supply voltage analog to digital converters
topic Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
ultra-low supply voltage (ULV)
ultra-low power (ULP)
subthreshold operation
voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO)
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11106915/
work_keys_str_mv AT ericchristie areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT jaredmarchant areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT sheasmith areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT longkong areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT chiahungchen areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT shiuhhuawoodchiang areviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT ericchristie reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT jaredmarchant reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT sheasmith reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT longkong reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT chiahungchen reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters
AT shiuhhuawoodchiang reviewonsub021vultralowsupplyvoltageanalogtodigitalconverters