Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications

The inclusion of different fillers in silica aerogels reinforced by a reticulated polyurethane skeleton, allows for the development of a strategy to obtain composites with superior characteristics. Different fillers (TiO2, GO, SiC) and contents (0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%) were explored, analyzing their...

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Main Authors: Beatriz Merillas, Cláudio M.R. Almeida, Tomás Enrique Gómez Álvarez-Arenas, Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez, Luisa Durães
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-03-01
Series:Composites Part C: Open Access
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Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682025000179
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author Beatriz Merillas
Cláudio M.R. Almeida
Tomás Enrique Gómez Álvarez-Arenas
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez
Luisa Durães
author_facet Beatriz Merillas
Cláudio M.R. Almeida
Tomás Enrique Gómez Álvarez-Arenas
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez
Luisa Durães
author_sort Beatriz Merillas
collection DOAJ
description The inclusion of different fillers in silica aerogels reinforced by a reticulated polyurethane skeleton, allows for the development of a strategy to obtain composites with superior characteristics. Different fillers (TiO2, GO, SiC) and contents (0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%) were explored, analyzing their effects on the porous structures, mechanical stiffness and thermal conductivity of the composites. These exhibited low densities, reduced shrinkage, and high specific surface areas of approximately 550 m2/g. The incorporated fillers were homogeneously dispersed, leading to a general decrease in the mean pore size. Despite observing a slight reduction in the elastic modulus with respect to the non-doped composite, the benefits of this strategy are twofold; the composites can withstand strains above 80 % without breaking, significantly improving the mechanical stability when compared to non-reinforced silica aerogels, and while achieving high resilience. Additionally, enhanced thermal insulating performance was found for some materials. After analyzing the heat transfer contributions, the optimum particle contents for an improved thermal insulation were identified (1.0 wt.% TiO2 and 0.2 wt.% SiC), leading to an effective reduction of the radiation term and reaching overall reductions of 10 and 6.5 % at 100 °C. Therefore, the silica aerogel-based composites herein produced represent a step forward in their usability and versatility for cutting-edge applications.
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spelling doaj-art-bb64645a04c74456a619f4bb9e8e4f942025-08-20T02:15:30ZengElsevierComposites Part C: Open Access2666-68202025-03-011610057310.1016/j.jcomc.2025.100573Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applicationsBeatriz Merillas0Cláudio M.R. Almeida1Tomás Enrique Gómez Álvarez-Arenas2Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez3Luisa Durães4Cellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; University of Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal; BioEcoUVA Research Institute on Bioeconomy, University of Valladolid, Spain; Corresponding author.University of Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, PortugalInstituto de Tecnologías Físicas y de la Información, CSIC, C/Serrano 144, 28006, Madrid, SpainCellular Materials Laboratory (CellMat), Condensed Matter Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Valladolid, Campus Miguel Delibes, Paseo de Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; BioEcoUVA Research Institute on Bioeconomy, University of Valladolid, SpainUniversity of Coimbra, CERES, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, PortugalThe inclusion of different fillers in silica aerogels reinforced by a reticulated polyurethane skeleton, allows for the development of a strategy to obtain composites with superior characteristics. Different fillers (TiO2, GO, SiC) and contents (0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%) were explored, analyzing their effects on the porous structures, mechanical stiffness and thermal conductivity of the composites. These exhibited low densities, reduced shrinkage, and high specific surface areas of approximately 550 m2/g. The incorporated fillers were homogeneously dispersed, leading to a general decrease in the mean pore size. Despite observing a slight reduction in the elastic modulus with respect to the non-doped composite, the benefits of this strategy are twofold; the composites can withstand strains above 80 % without breaking, significantly improving the mechanical stability when compared to non-reinforced silica aerogels, and while achieving high resilience. Additionally, enhanced thermal insulating performance was found for some materials. After analyzing the heat transfer contributions, the optimum particle contents for an improved thermal insulation were identified (1.0 wt.% TiO2 and 0.2 wt.% SiC), leading to an effective reduction of the radiation term and reaching overall reductions of 10 and 6.5 % at 100 °C. Therefore, the silica aerogel-based composites herein produced represent a step forward in their usability and versatility for cutting-edge applications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682025000179Silica aerogelsPolyurethane foamInfrared opacifiersCompositesThermal insulationHeat transfer by radiation
spellingShingle Beatriz Merillas
Cláudio M.R. Almeida
Tomás Enrique Gómez Álvarez-Arenas
Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Pérez
Luisa Durães
Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
Composites Part C: Open Access
Silica aerogels
Polyurethane foam
Infrared opacifiers
Composites
Thermal insulation
Heat transfer by radiation
title Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
title_full Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
title_fullStr Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
title_full_unstemmed Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
title_short Enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high-temperature applications
title_sort enhanced thermal insulation performance of silica aerogel composites through infrared opacifier integration for high temperature applications
topic Silica aerogels
Polyurethane foam
Infrared opacifiers
Composites
Thermal insulation
Heat transfer by radiation
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682025000179
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