Machine learning prediction and interpretability analysis of high-risk chest pain: a study from the MIMIC-IV database
BackgroundHigh-risk chest pain is a critical presentation in emergency departments, frequently indicative of life-threatening cardiopulmonary conditions. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is pivotal for improving patient survival rates.MethodsWe developed a machine learning prediction model using the MIM...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Physiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2025.1594277/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| Summary: | BackgroundHigh-risk chest pain is a critical presentation in emergency departments, frequently indicative of life-threatening cardiopulmonary conditions. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is pivotal for improving patient survival rates.MethodsWe developed a machine learning prediction model using the MIMIC-IV database (n = 14,716 patients, including 1,302 high-risk cases). To address class imbalance, we implemented feature engineering with SMOTE and under-sampling techniques. Model optimization was performed via Bayesian hyperparameter tuning. Seven algorithms were evaluated: Logistic Regression, Random Forest, SVM, XGBoost, LightGBM, TabTransformer, and TabNet.ResultsThe LightGBM model demonstrated superior performance with accuracy = 0.95, precision = 0.95, recall = 0.95, and F1-score = 0.94. SHAP analysis revealed maximum troponin and creatine kinase-MB levels as the top predictive features.ConclusionOur optimized LightGBM model provides clinically significant predictive capability for high-risk chest pain, offering emergency physicians a decision-support tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 1664-042X |