Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory

This study explores how employee–AI collaboration can promote employees’ proactive behavior by reducing their workload, and examines the mediating role of workload and the moderating effect of AI literacy. Based on a survey of employees across multiple industries, the study finds that employee–AI co...

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Main Authors: Chenxi Sun, Xinan Zhao, Baorong Guo, Ningning Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Behavioral Sciences
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/5/648
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author Chenxi Sun
Xinan Zhao
Baorong Guo
Ningning Chen
author_facet Chenxi Sun
Xinan Zhao
Baorong Guo
Ningning Chen
author_sort Chenxi Sun
collection DOAJ
description This study explores how employee–AI collaboration can promote employees’ proactive behavior by reducing their workload, and examines the mediating role of workload and the moderating effect of AI literacy. Based on a survey of employees across multiple industries, the study finds that employee–AI collaboration significantly reduces employees’ workload, which in turn encourages more proactive behavior. In this process, workload serves as a central mediating mechanism, as it helps alleviate task pressure and frees up cognitive resources, enabling employees to take on additional responsibilities and put forward innovative suggestions. Furthermore, with increasing levels of employee–AI collaboration, employees with higher AI literacy tend to experience greater workload relief, while those with lower literacy demonstrate a stronger and more consistent proactive behavioral response. These findings offer theoretical insight into employee–AI interaction and practical implications for enhancing initiative and innovation through effective AI integration.
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spelling doaj-art-bb547591c6a44f40a88adbe1922aa7c42025-08-20T01:56:29ZengMDPI AGBehavioral Sciences2076-328X2025-05-0115564810.3390/bs15050648Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources TheoryChenxi Sun0Xinan Zhao1Baorong Guo2Ningning Chen3School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, ChinaSchool of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, ChinaBusiness School, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, ChinaSchool of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110167, ChinaThis study explores how employee–AI collaboration can promote employees’ proactive behavior by reducing their workload, and examines the mediating role of workload and the moderating effect of AI literacy. Based on a survey of employees across multiple industries, the study finds that employee–AI collaboration significantly reduces employees’ workload, which in turn encourages more proactive behavior. In this process, workload serves as a central mediating mechanism, as it helps alleviate task pressure and frees up cognitive resources, enabling employees to take on additional responsibilities and put forward innovative suggestions. Furthermore, with increasing levels of employee–AI collaboration, employees with higher AI literacy tend to experience greater workload relief, while those with lower literacy demonstrate a stronger and more consistent proactive behavioral response. These findings offer theoretical insight into employee–AI interaction and practical implications for enhancing initiative and innovation through effective AI integration.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/5/648employee–AI collaborationproactive behaviorworkloadAI literacy
spellingShingle Chenxi Sun
Xinan Zhao
Baorong Guo
Ningning Chen
Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
Behavioral Sciences
employee–AI collaboration
proactive behavior
workload
AI literacy
title Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
title_full Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
title_fullStr Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
title_full_unstemmed Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
title_short Will Employee–AI Collaboration Enhance Employees’ Proactive Behavior? A Study Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory
title_sort will employee ai collaboration enhance employees proactive behavior a study based on the conservation of resources theory
topic employee–AI collaboration
proactive behavior
workload
AI literacy
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-328X/15/5/648
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