Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.)
Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants is reduced when treated with excess nitrogen fertilizer. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of varied concentrations of urea on the growth responses, vegetation indices, and ammonia volatilization in radishes. The experiment was conducted across four co...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2025-06-01
|
| Series: | Nitrogen |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/2/42 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1849431792799449088 |
|---|---|
| author | TaeSeon Eom TaeWan Kim SungYung Yoo |
| author_facet | TaeSeon Eom TaeWan Kim SungYung Yoo |
| author_sort | TaeSeon Eom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants is reduced when treated with excess nitrogen fertilizer. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of varied concentrations of urea on the growth responses, vegetation indices, and ammonia volatilization in radishes. The experiment was conducted across four concentrations of urea (nitrogen source): 0 N (0 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), 0.5 N (117 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), 1 N (234 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), and 2 N (468 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>). Compost was applied as a basal fertilizer in all treatments. Aboveground and belowground biomass were evaluated to measure growth response. The dynamic chamber method was used to collect ammonia volatilized from the cultivation area, and the vegetation index analysis was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Our study results suggest there are no significant differences in the yield of radishes between the recommended nitrogen fertilization level (1 N) and half the recommended level in the Republic of Korea (0.5 N). Ammonia volatilization was significantly the lowest in the 0.5 N nitrogen fertilizer treatment among all treatments. Except for a few specific indices, there were no significant differences observed in most analyzed vegetation indices. Based on the specific environmental and soil conditions examined in this study, our results indicate that nitrogen input in radish cultivation in the Republic of Korea could be reduced without significant yield penalties, offering potential benefits in terms of reduced production costs and environmental impact. Nevertheless, to establish optimized fertilizer recommendations, further studies across diverse environmental conditions and cultivation practices, including planting timing, are essential. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bb41a3238f094080a7b3ed8173d3e25a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2504-3129 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nitrogen |
| spelling | doaj-art-bb41a3238f094080a7b3ed8173d3e25a2025-08-20T03:27:32ZengMDPI AGNitrogen2504-31292025-06-01624210.3390/nitrogen6020042Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.)TaeSeon Eom0TaeWan Kim1SungYung Yoo2School of Applied Science in Natural Resources & Environment, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaSchool of Applied Science in Natural Resources & Environment, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaInstitute of Ecological Phytochemistry, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of KoreaNitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants is reduced when treated with excess nitrogen fertilizer. Our study aimed to investigate the impact of varied concentrations of urea on the growth responses, vegetation indices, and ammonia volatilization in radishes. The experiment was conducted across four concentrations of urea (nitrogen source): 0 N (0 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), 0.5 N (117 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), 1 N (234 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>), and 2 N (468 kg urea ha<sup>−1</sup>). Compost was applied as a basal fertilizer in all treatments. Aboveground and belowground biomass were evaluated to measure growth response. The dynamic chamber method was used to collect ammonia volatilized from the cultivation area, and the vegetation index analysis was conducted to assess the effects of nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Our study results suggest there are no significant differences in the yield of radishes between the recommended nitrogen fertilization level (1 N) and half the recommended level in the Republic of Korea (0.5 N). Ammonia volatilization was significantly the lowest in the 0.5 N nitrogen fertilizer treatment among all treatments. Except for a few specific indices, there were no significant differences observed in most analyzed vegetation indices. Based on the specific environmental and soil conditions examined in this study, our results indicate that nitrogen input in radish cultivation in the Republic of Korea could be reduced without significant yield penalties, offering potential benefits in terms of reduced production costs and environmental impact. Nevertheless, to establish optimized fertilizer recommendations, further studies across diverse environmental conditions and cultivation practices, including planting timing, are essential.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/2/42radishvegetation indexnitrogen nutritionnitrogen use efficiency (NUE)ammonia emission |
| spellingShingle | TaeSeon Eom TaeWan Kim SungYung Yoo Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) Nitrogen radish vegetation index nitrogen nutrition nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ammonia emission |
| title | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) |
| title_full | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) |
| title_short | Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Application on Growth, Vegetation Indices, and Ammonia Volatilization in Korean Radish (<i>Raphanus sativus</i> L.) |
| title_sort | effects of nitrogen fertilizer application on growth vegetation indices and ammonia volatilization in korean radish i raphanus sativus i l |
| topic | radish vegetation index nitrogen nutrition nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) ammonia emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3129/6/2/42 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT taeseoneom effectsofnitrogenfertilizerapplicationongrowthvegetationindicesandammoniavolatilizationinkoreanradishiraphanussativusil AT taewankim effectsofnitrogenfertilizerapplicationongrowthvegetationindicesandammoniavolatilizationinkoreanradishiraphanussativusil AT sungyungyoo effectsofnitrogenfertilizerapplicationongrowthvegetationindicesandammoniavolatilizationinkoreanradishiraphanussativusil |