Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management
IntroductionThere is a knowledge gap regarding the effects of sowing date and nitrogen (N) management on the grain quality, as well as the relationship between grain quality and leaf carbon (C) and N status in high-quality hybrid rice.MethodsThis study aimed to compare the grain quality of high-qual...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1664142/full |
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| author | Jiaxin Xie Jiaxin Xie Mengjie Liu Zhengwu Xiao Xing Li Fangbo Cao Jiana Chen Min Huang Izhar Ali Anas Iqbal Abdul Wahab Shuchun Guo |
| author_facet | Jiaxin Xie Jiaxin Xie Mengjie Liu Zhengwu Xiao Xing Li Fangbo Cao Jiana Chen Min Huang Izhar Ali Anas Iqbal Abdul Wahab Shuchun Guo |
| author_sort | Jiaxin Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThere is a knowledge gap regarding the effects of sowing date and nitrogen (N) management on the grain quality, as well as the relationship between grain quality and leaf carbon (C) and N status in high-quality hybrid rice.MethodsThis study aimed to compare the grain quality of high-quality hybrid rice and evaluate the relationships between grain quality and leaf C and N content, as well as the C/N ratio, across different sowing dates and N management strategies in 2022 and 2023. Two sowing dates were employed for each year, and for each sowing date and year, rice cultivars were subjected to two N rates and three N split-application ratios.Results and discussionResults showed that delaying the sowing date increased head rice rate, amylose content, setback viscosity and leaf N content at the maturity stage while decreasing protein content, peak and breakdown viscosity, and leaf C/N ratio. Increasing N rate and delaying N application boosted head rice rate, amylose and protein content, setback viscosity, and leaf N content at both the heading and maturity stages but reduced peak and breakdown viscosity, and leaf C/N ratio. When leaf N content was below 2.92% and 1.44% at the heading and maturity stages, and the leaf C/N ratio was above 14.9 and 29.5, respectively, it enhanced the eating quality but did not improve milling and nutritional quality. These findings suggest that delaying the sowing date can improve milling quality but deteriorate the eating and nutritional quality of high-quality hybrid rice. Increasing N rate and delaying N application are beneficial to milling and nutritional quality but are unfavorable for improving eating quality. The leaf N content and C/N ratio at the heading and maturity stages are effective indicators for diagnosing grain quality. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bb4058c995c04e4283e11543658f4792 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2673-3218 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-bb4058c995c04e4283e11543658f47922025-08-20T02:57:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Agronomy2673-32182025-08-01710.3389/fagro.2025.16641421664142Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen managementJiaxin Xie0Jiaxin Xie1Mengjie Liu2Zhengwu Xiao3Xing Li4Fangbo Cao5Jiana Chen6Min Huang7Izhar Ali8Anas Iqbal9Abdul Wahab10Shuchun Guo11Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaInner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaRice and Product Ecophysiology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Argo-bioresources, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, ChinaShanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, ChinaInner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, ChinaIntroductionThere is a knowledge gap regarding the effects of sowing date and nitrogen (N) management on the grain quality, as well as the relationship between grain quality and leaf carbon (C) and N status in high-quality hybrid rice.MethodsThis study aimed to compare the grain quality of high-quality hybrid rice and evaluate the relationships between grain quality and leaf C and N content, as well as the C/N ratio, across different sowing dates and N management strategies in 2022 and 2023. Two sowing dates were employed for each year, and for each sowing date and year, rice cultivars were subjected to two N rates and three N split-application ratios.Results and discussionResults showed that delaying the sowing date increased head rice rate, amylose content, setback viscosity and leaf N content at the maturity stage while decreasing protein content, peak and breakdown viscosity, and leaf C/N ratio. Increasing N rate and delaying N application boosted head rice rate, amylose and protein content, setback viscosity, and leaf N content at both the heading and maturity stages but reduced peak and breakdown viscosity, and leaf C/N ratio. When leaf N content was below 2.92% and 1.44% at the heading and maturity stages, and the leaf C/N ratio was above 14.9 and 29.5, respectively, it enhanced the eating quality but did not improve milling and nutritional quality. These findings suggest that delaying the sowing date can improve milling quality but deteriorate the eating and nutritional quality of high-quality hybrid rice. Increasing N rate and delaying N application are beneficial to milling and nutritional quality but are unfavorable for improving eating quality. The leaf N content and C/N ratio at the heading and maturity stages are effective indicators for diagnosing grain quality.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1664142/fullgrain qualityhybrid riceleaf carbon and nitrogennitrogen managementsowing date |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxin Xie Jiaxin Xie Mengjie Liu Zhengwu Xiao Xing Li Fangbo Cao Jiana Chen Min Huang Izhar Ali Anas Iqbal Abdul Wahab Shuchun Guo Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management Frontiers in Agronomy grain quality hybrid rice leaf carbon and nitrogen nitrogen management sowing date |
| title | Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| title_full | Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| title_fullStr | Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| title_full_unstemmed | Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| title_short | Relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high-quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| title_sort | relationships between grain quality and leaf carbon and nitrogen status in high quality hybrid rice across different sowing dates and nitrogen management |
| topic | grain quality hybrid rice leaf carbon and nitrogen nitrogen management sowing date |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fagro.2025.1664142/full |
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