Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values

Soil pH critically regulates microbial community structure and activity, thereby influencing carbon transformation processes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying pH-mediated shifts in microbial metabolic functions and cellulose-degrading functional genes remain poorly unders...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Li Jiang, Boyan Xu, Qi Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-05-01
Series:Agriculture
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1068
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850254657767604224
author Li Jiang
Boyan Xu
Qi Wang
author_facet Li Jiang
Boyan Xu
Qi Wang
author_sort Li Jiang
collection DOAJ
description Soil pH critically regulates microbial community structure and activity, thereby influencing carbon transformation processes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying pH-mediated shifts in microbial metabolic functions and cellulose-degrading functional genes remain poorly understood. This study investigated the responses of bacterial communities, metabolic profiles, and the abundance of cellobiohydrolase I (cbhI) and glycoside hydrolase family 48 (GH48) genes to varying pH levels in fluvo-aquic and red soils. High-throughput sequencing, PICRUSt-based metabolic prediction, and quantitative PCR were employed to analyze microbial composition, functional traits, and gene dynamics. Network analysis clarified linkages between functional genes, pathways, and taxa. The results revealed that elevated pH significantly increased CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content in both soils. Dominant taxa, including Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Xanthomonadaceae, and Mycoplasma, exhibited pH-dependent enrichment. Metabolic predictions indicated that pH positively influenced genes linked to biodegradation and xenobiotic metabolism in fluvo-aquic soil but suppressed energy-metabolism-related genes. Contrastingly, in red soil, cbhI and GH48 gene abundance declined with rising pH, suggesting that acidic conditions favor cellulolytic activity. Network analysis identified strong positive correlations between CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and Caulobacteraceae, while cbhI and GH48 genes were closely associated with taxa such as Xanthomonadaceae, Comamonadaceae, and Micromonosporaceae, which drive organic matter decomposition. These findings underscore pH as a pivotal regulator of microbial community structure and functional gene expression, with soil-specific responses highlighting the need for tailored strategies to optimize carbon cycling and sequestration in agricultural ecosystems.
format Article
id doaj-art-bb3b4b1089bc406c9a755ad85ef0f082
institution OA Journals
issn 2077-0472
language English
publishDate 2025-05-01
publisher MDPI AG
record_format Article
series Agriculture
spelling doaj-art-bb3b4b1089bc406c9a755ad85ef0f0822025-08-20T01:57:04ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722025-05-011510106810.3390/agriculture15101068Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH ValuesLi Jiang0Boyan Xu1Qi Wang2School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSchool of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, ChinaSoil pH critically regulates microbial community structure and activity, thereby influencing carbon transformation processes in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying pH-mediated shifts in microbial metabolic functions and cellulose-degrading functional genes remain poorly understood. This study investigated the responses of bacterial communities, metabolic profiles, and the abundance of cellobiohydrolase I (cbhI) and glycoside hydrolase family 48 (GH48) genes to varying pH levels in fluvo-aquic and red soils. High-throughput sequencing, PICRUSt-based metabolic prediction, and quantitative PCR were employed to analyze microbial composition, functional traits, and gene dynamics. Network analysis clarified linkages between functional genes, pathways, and taxa. The results revealed that elevated pH significantly increased CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content in both soils. Dominant taxa, including Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Xanthomonadaceae, and Mycoplasma, exhibited pH-dependent enrichment. Metabolic predictions indicated that pH positively influenced genes linked to biodegradation and xenobiotic metabolism in fluvo-aquic soil but suppressed energy-metabolism-related genes. Contrastingly, in red soil, cbhI and GH48 gene abundance declined with rising pH, suggesting that acidic conditions favor cellulolytic activity. Network analysis identified strong positive correlations between CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and Caulobacteraceae, while cbhI and GH48 genes were closely associated with taxa such as Xanthomonadaceae, Comamonadaceae, and Micromonosporaceae, which drive organic matter decomposition. These findings underscore pH as a pivotal regulator of microbial community structure and functional gene expression, with soil-specific responses highlighting the need for tailored strategies to optimize carbon cycling and sequestration in agricultural ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1068soil pHmetabolic functionmicrobial communitycellulose degradationfunctional genesnetwork analysis
spellingShingle Li Jiang
Boyan Xu
Qi Wang
Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
Agriculture
soil pH
metabolic function
microbial community
cellulose degradation
functional genes
network analysis
title Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
title_full Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
title_fullStr Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
title_full_unstemmed Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
title_short Functional Characteristics and Cellulose Degradation Genes of the Microbial Community in Soils with Different Initial pH Values
title_sort functional characteristics and cellulose degradation genes of the microbial community in soils with different initial ph values
topic soil pH
metabolic function
microbial community
cellulose degradation
functional genes
network analysis
url https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/15/10/1068
work_keys_str_mv AT lijiang functionalcharacteristicsandcellulosedegradationgenesofthemicrobialcommunityinsoilswithdifferentinitialphvalues
AT boyanxu functionalcharacteristicsandcellulosedegradationgenesofthemicrobialcommunityinsoilswithdifferentinitialphvalues
AT qiwang functionalcharacteristicsandcellulosedegradationgenesofthemicrobialcommunityinsoilswithdifferentinitialphvalues