Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays)
Salinity is a devastating problem of arid and semi-arid climatic regions with uneven salt accumulation which hinders growth and development of crops. The deleterious effects of salinity mainly depend on level and source of salinity. We hypothesized that types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4) might c...
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| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Italian Journal of Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/view/1326 |
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| author | Haroon Shahzad Sami Ullah Muhammad Iqbal Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Ghulam Mustafa Shah Sajjad Ahmad Ali Zakir Allah Ditta Muhammad Aslam Farooqi Iftikhar Ahmad |
| author_facet | Haroon Shahzad Sami Ullah Muhammad Iqbal Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Ghulam Mustafa Shah Sajjad Ahmad Ali Zakir Allah Ditta Muhammad Aslam Farooqi Iftikhar Ahmad |
| author_sort | Haroon Shahzad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Salinity is a devastating problem of arid and semi-arid climatic regions with uneven salt accumulation which hinders growth and development of crops. The deleterious effects of salinity mainly depend on level and source of salinity. We hypothesized that types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4) might cause variable toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of different types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4), each at EC 5 and 10 dS m–1 on growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize plant grown in earthen pots under wire house conditions. Results revealed toxic effects of salt stress on seed germination, root and shoot growth and biomass. Maize physiology in terms of sub-stomatal CO2 index, chlorophyll and relative water contents, photosynthetic and transpiration rate also reduced under salt stress. Among the types of salt and levels of salinity, NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 caused the highest reduction in seed germination, growth and physiology due to high accumulation of Na and Cl ions whereas low in K ion in maize plant tissues. Based on the findings, we do conclude that NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 has more negative impact on maize growth and nutrient acquisition than Na2SO4 at same level of salinity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bb19eec282564c8eaa8725ee1b1cbf19 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1125-4718 2039-6805 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Italian Journal of Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-bb19eec282564c8eaa8725ee1b1cbf192025-08-20T01:55:02ZengElsevierItalian Journal of Agronomy1125-47182039-68052019-11-0114410.4081/ija.2019.1326Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays)Haroon Shahzad0Sami Ullah1Muhammad Iqbal2Hafiz Muhammad Bilal3Ghulam Mustafa Shah4Sajjad Ahmad5Ali Zakir6Allah Ditta7Muhammad Aslam Farooqi8Iftikhar Ahmad9Arid Zone Research Centre, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, DI Khan; Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, FaisalabadArid Zone Research Centre, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, DI Khan; Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, FaisalabadInstitute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, FaisalabadInstitute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Okara, OkaraDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, VehariDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, VehariDepartment of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari-Campus, VehariDepartment of Environmental Sciences, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Sheringal, Sheringal, Dir (U)Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Islamia University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur-63100Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Islamia University Bahawalpur, BahawalpurSalinity is a devastating problem of arid and semi-arid climatic regions with uneven salt accumulation which hinders growth and development of crops. The deleterious effects of salinity mainly depend on level and source of salinity. We hypothesized that types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4) might cause variable toxicity in maize (Zea mays L.) plants. The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of different types of sodium salt (NaCl and Na2SO4), each at EC 5 and 10 dS m–1 on growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize plant grown in earthen pots under wire house conditions. Results revealed toxic effects of salt stress on seed germination, root and shoot growth and biomass. Maize physiology in terms of sub-stomatal CO2 index, chlorophyll and relative water contents, photosynthetic and transpiration rate also reduced under salt stress. Among the types of salt and levels of salinity, NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 caused the highest reduction in seed germination, growth and physiology due to high accumulation of Na and Cl ions whereas low in K ion in maize plant tissues. Based on the findings, we do conclude that NaCl applied at the rate of 10 dS m–1 has more negative impact on maize growth and nutrient acquisition than Na2SO4 at same level of salinity.https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/view/1326Plant physiologysalinitysodium chloridesodium sulphatetissue ion compositionZea mays. |
| spellingShingle | Haroon Shahzad Sami Ullah Muhammad Iqbal Hafiz Muhammad Bilal Ghulam Mustafa Shah Sajjad Ahmad Ali Zakir Allah Ditta Muhammad Aslam Farooqi Iftikhar Ahmad Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) Italian Journal of Agronomy Plant physiology salinity sodium chloride sodium sulphate tissue ion composition Zea mays. |
| title | Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) |
| title_full | Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) |
| title_fullStr | Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) |
| title_short | Salinity types and level-based effects on the growth, physiology and nutrient contents of maize (Zea mays) |
| title_sort | salinity types and level based effects on the growth physiology and nutrient contents of maize zea mays |
| topic | Plant physiology salinity sodium chloride sodium sulphate tissue ion composition Zea mays. |
| url | https://www.agronomy.it/index.php/agro/article/view/1326 |
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