Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture

Abstract Understanding the spatial distribution of soil properties is critical for achieving precision agriculture. The study aims to model soil property heterogeneity in the context of food sustainability using remote sensing (RS) and geostatistical techniques at Federal University of Agriculture,...

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Main Authors: Tobore Anthony, Ugonna Nkwunonwo, Anoke Emmanuel, Oyerinde Ganiyu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Springer 2025-07-01
Series:Discover Soil
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-025-00083-y
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author Tobore Anthony
Ugonna Nkwunonwo
Anoke Emmanuel
Oyerinde Ganiyu
author_facet Tobore Anthony
Ugonna Nkwunonwo
Anoke Emmanuel
Oyerinde Ganiyu
author_sort Tobore Anthony
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Understanding the spatial distribution of soil properties is critical for achieving precision agriculture. The study aims to model soil property heterogeneity in the context of food sustainability using remote sensing (RS) and geostatistical techniques at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. We combined RS metrics like Number patches (NP), Largest-path (LP), and effective MESH alongside Normalized difference vegetation (NDVI), and Enhanced vegetation (EVI) indices from 2014 and 2024, with a particular focus on built-up, vegetation, farmlands, and wetlands in the area. We collected and analyzed 70 geocoded composite soil sample (0 to 30 cm) for their physical, chemical, and biological conditions, interpolated by kriging and added to the exponential, spherical and gaussian to model the soil properties. NP, LP, and MESH showed substantial discontinuity and landscape fragmentation, especially in the built-up areas. At the same time, NDVI, and EVI highlight a significant decrease in vegetation cover, respectively. The modelling of soil properties based on cross-validation showed that soil properties in the studied area ranged between strong (< 0.25) and weak (0.25 to 0.75) spatial autocorrelations. The findings could aid in mitigating anthropogenic climate shocks on soil properties and thus ensuring landscape sustainability and precision agriculture.
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spelling doaj-art-bb01c1dde3cc4f41807939668d9435462025-08-20T03:45:44ZengSpringerDiscover Soil3005-12232025-07-012111610.1007/s44378-025-00083-yEnvironmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agricultureTobore Anthony0Ugonna Nkwunonwo1Anoke Emmanuel2Oyerinde Ganiyu3Department of Soil Science and Land Management, Federal University of AgricultureDepartment of Geo-Informatics and Surveying, Faculty of Environmental Studies, University of NigeriaDepartment of Soil Science and Land Management, Federal University of AgricultureDepartment of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of AbujaAbstract Understanding the spatial distribution of soil properties is critical for achieving precision agriculture. The study aims to model soil property heterogeneity in the context of food sustainability using remote sensing (RS) and geostatistical techniques at Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. We combined RS metrics like Number patches (NP), Largest-path (LP), and effective MESH alongside Normalized difference vegetation (NDVI), and Enhanced vegetation (EVI) indices from 2014 and 2024, with a particular focus on built-up, vegetation, farmlands, and wetlands in the area. We collected and analyzed 70 geocoded composite soil sample (0 to 30 cm) for their physical, chemical, and biological conditions, interpolated by kriging and added to the exponential, spherical and gaussian to model the soil properties. NP, LP, and MESH showed substantial discontinuity and landscape fragmentation, especially in the built-up areas. At the same time, NDVI, and EVI highlight a significant decrease in vegetation cover, respectively. The modelling of soil properties based on cross-validation showed that soil properties in the studied area ranged between strong (< 0.25) and weak (0.25 to 0.75) spatial autocorrelations. The findings could aid in mitigating anthropogenic climate shocks on soil properties and thus ensuring landscape sustainability and precision agriculture.https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-025-00083-yEcological sustainabilityFUNAAB LandscapeRemote sensing indexSoil conditionSpatial dependences
spellingShingle Tobore Anthony
Ugonna Nkwunonwo
Anoke Emmanuel
Oyerinde Ganiyu
Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
Discover Soil
Ecological sustainability
FUNAAB Landscape
Remote sensing index
Soil condition
Spatial dependences
title Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
title_full Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
title_fullStr Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
title_full_unstemmed Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
title_short Environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
title_sort environmental and geostatistical modelling of soil properties toward precision agriculture
topic Ecological sustainability
FUNAAB Landscape
Remote sensing index
Soil condition
Spatial dependences
url https://doi.org/10.1007/s44378-025-00083-y
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AT ugonnankwunonwo environmentalandgeostatisticalmodellingofsoilpropertiestowardprecisionagriculture
AT anokeemmanuel environmentalandgeostatisticalmodellingofsoilpropertiestowardprecisionagriculture
AT oyerindeganiyu environmentalandgeostatisticalmodellingofsoilpropertiestowardprecisionagriculture