Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity

Background and Objectives: In recent years, the crucial role of gut microbiota in the development and regulation of obesity and related metabolic conditions has been increasingly explored. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to examine the differences in gut microbiota composition and energ...

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Main Authors: Libuša Kubáňová, Adela Penesová, Ivan Hric, Jana Babjaková, Eva Baranovičová, Marián Grendár, Viktor Bielik
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-02-01
Series:Proceedings
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/91/1/218
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author Libuša Kubáňová
Adela Penesová
Ivan Hric
Jana Babjaková
Eva Baranovičová
Marián Grendár
Viktor Bielik
author_facet Libuša Kubáňová
Adela Penesová
Ivan Hric
Jana Babjaková
Eva Baranovičová
Marián Grendár
Viktor Bielik
author_sort Libuša Kubáňová
collection DOAJ
description Background and Objectives: In recent years, the crucial role of gut microbiota in the development and regulation of obesity and related metabolic conditions has been increasingly explored. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to examine the differences in gut microbiota composition and energy metabolites between non-diabetic individuals with extreme obesity (EO) and healthy lean controls (HLC). Methods: A total of 19 non-diabetic participants with EO (average age ± SD: 35.4 ± 7.0 years, average BMI ± SD: 48.8 ± 6.7 kg.m<sup>−2</sup>) and 23 HLC participants (average age ± SD: 31.7 ± 14.8 years, average BMI ± SD: 22.2 ± 1.7 kg.m<sup>−2</sup>) were investigated. Fecal microbiota was analyzed and classified using specific primers targeting the V1–V3 region of 16S rDNA. Serum metabolites were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multivariate statistical analysis and Random Forest models were employed to identify predictors with the highest variable importance. Results: A significantly reduced microbial α-diversity; lower relative abundance of beneficial bacterium Akkermansia and SCFA-producing bacteria Eubacterium hallii, Butyrivibrio, Marvinbryantia, and Coprococcus; and increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria Bilophila and Fusobacterium were found in individuals with EO. Interestingly, energy metabolites (citrate and acetate), IR HOMA, and insulin were pinpointed as the most important predictors with exceptional ability to differentiate between EO and HLC participants by the Random Forest machine learning analysis. Conclusion: The findings suggest that changes in gut microbiota and serum acetate and citrate levels in patients with extreme obesity may serve as potential biomarkers for early progression to Type 2 diabetes. Consequently, weight loss interventions and non-invasive manipulation of gut microbiota composition in these patients could offer a novel strategy for managing obesity and related disorders.
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spelling doaj-art-bafdc220dea248ea9ad07046e95e75aa2025-08-20T02:43:00ZengMDPI AGProceedings2504-39002024-02-0191121810.3390/proceedings2023091218Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme ObesityLibuša Kubáňová0Adela Penesová1Ivan Hric2Jana Babjaková3Eva Baranovičová4Marián Grendár5Viktor Bielik6Institute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Clinical and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, SlovakiaInstitute of Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 812 72 Bratislava, SlovakiaBiomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, SlovakiaBiomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, SlovakiaDepartment of Biological and Medical Science, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University in Bratislava, 814 69 Bratislava, SlovakiaBackground and Objectives: In recent years, the crucial role of gut microbiota in the development and regulation of obesity and related metabolic conditions has been increasingly explored. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to examine the differences in gut microbiota composition and energy metabolites between non-diabetic individuals with extreme obesity (EO) and healthy lean controls (HLC). Methods: A total of 19 non-diabetic participants with EO (average age ± SD: 35.4 ± 7.0 years, average BMI ± SD: 48.8 ± 6.7 kg.m<sup>−2</sup>) and 23 HLC participants (average age ± SD: 31.7 ± 14.8 years, average BMI ± SD: 22.2 ± 1.7 kg.m<sup>−2</sup>) were investigated. Fecal microbiota was analyzed and classified using specific primers targeting the V1–V3 region of 16S rDNA. Serum metabolites were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multivariate statistical analysis and Random Forest models were employed to identify predictors with the highest variable importance. Results: A significantly reduced microbial α-diversity; lower relative abundance of beneficial bacterium Akkermansia and SCFA-producing bacteria Eubacterium hallii, Butyrivibrio, Marvinbryantia, and Coprococcus; and increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria Bilophila and Fusobacterium were found in individuals with EO. Interestingly, energy metabolites (citrate and acetate), IR HOMA, and insulin were pinpointed as the most important predictors with exceptional ability to differentiate between EO and HLC participants by the Random Forest machine learning analysis. Conclusion: The findings suggest that changes in gut microbiota and serum acetate and citrate levels in patients with extreme obesity may serve as potential biomarkers for early progression to Type 2 diabetes. Consequently, weight loss interventions and non-invasive manipulation of gut microbiota composition in these patients could offer a novel strategy for managing obesity and related disorders.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/91/1/218Gut Microbiotaextreme obesity Type 2 diabetesenergy metabolites
spellingShingle Libuša Kubáňová
Adela Penesová
Ivan Hric
Jana Babjaková
Eva Baranovičová
Marián Grendár
Viktor Bielik
Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
Proceedings
Gut Microbiota
extreme obesity Type 2 diabetes
energy metabolites
title Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
title_full Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
title_fullStr Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
title_full_unstemmed Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
title_short Changes in Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolites in Patients with Extreme Obesity
title_sort changes in gut microbiota and serum metabolites in patients with extreme obesity
topic Gut Microbiota
extreme obesity Type 2 diabetes
energy metabolites
url https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/91/1/218
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