Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
Abstract Background Ethylene (C2H4) is a gaseous phytohormone that regulates various plant physiological processes and mediates the responses of the plants to various environmental stresses. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the direct precursor of the phytohormone ethylene, and is also...
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BMC
2025-07-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06943-7 |
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| author | Jianhua Tong Wenkui Zhao Keming Wang Feiying Zhu Danyi Deng Langtao Xiao |
| author_facet | Jianhua Tong Wenkui Zhao Keming Wang Feiying Zhu Danyi Deng Langtao Xiao |
| author_sort | Jianhua Tong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Ethylene (C2H4) is a gaseous phytohormone that regulates various plant physiological processes and mediates the responses of the plants to various environmental stresses. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the direct precursor of the phytohormone ethylene, and is also considered as a plant growth regulator. Accurate quantification of ACC is critically important in investigating its function. However, it remains challenging to accurately quantify ACC in plant tissues because it is a small, electroneutral molecule with very low concentrations. Methods An easy, cost-saving, and highly efficient quantitative method for ACC in plant tissues was set up by liquid-liquid micro-extraction (LLME) purification with green solvent ethyl-acetate, and the precise control of the mobile phase entering into the mass spectrometer combined with the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Results The contents of ACC in 10 mg of different fresh fruits were detected. The established method had limit of detection (LOD) (2.5 pg), matrix effect (ME) (92.6%), good precision (3.54%), recovery rate (95.82%), and a good linear relationship within the range of 0.5 to 1500 ng.mL−1 (R2 = 0.9998). Conclusion We have developed an easy, sensitive, and cost-saving quantitative method for ACC in plant tissues without derivatization which is useful for the precise quantification of ACC in plant tissues. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj-art-baef32cd90b34a599f7047127cfca9b02025-08-20T03:42:21ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292025-07-0125111310.1186/s12870-025-06943-7Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometryJianhua Tong0Wenkui Zhao1Keming Wang2Feiying Zhu3Danyi Deng4Langtao Xiao5Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Chemistry and Materials, Hunan Agricultural UniversityAssets and Laboratory Management Department, Hunan Agricultural UniversityHunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural UniversityHunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Ethylene (C2H4) is a gaseous phytohormone that regulates various plant physiological processes and mediates the responses of the plants to various environmental stresses. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the direct precursor of the phytohormone ethylene, and is also considered as a plant growth regulator. Accurate quantification of ACC is critically important in investigating its function. However, it remains challenging to accurately quantify ACC in plant tissues because it is a small, electroneutral molecule with very low concentrations. Methods An easy, cost-saving, and highly efficient quantitative method for ACC in plant tissues was set up by liquid-liquid micro-extraction (LLME) purification with green solvent ethyl-acetate, and the precise control of the mobile phase entering into the mass spectrometer combined with the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Results The contents of ACC in 10 mg of different fresh fruits were detected. The established method had limit of detection (LOD) (2.5 pg), matrix effect (ME) (92.6%), good precision (3.54%), recovery rate (95.82%), and a good linear relationship within the range of 0.5 to 1500 ng.mL−1 (R2 = 0.9998). Conclusion We have developed an easy, sensitive, and cost-saving quantitative method for ACC in plant tissues without derivatization which is useful for the precise quantification of ACC in plant tissues.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06943-7Ethylene1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acidPhytohormoneTandem mass spectrometryLiquid-liquid micro-extractionPrecise control of the mobile phase |
| spellingShingle | Jianhua Tong Wenkui Zhao Keming Wang Feiying Zhu Danyi Deng Langtao Xiao Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry BMC Plant Biology Ethylene 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Phytohormone Tandem mass spectrometry Liquid-liquid micro-extraction Precise control of the mobile phase |
| title | Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_full | Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_fullStr | Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_short | Quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor ACC in plant samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| title_sort | quantitative analysis of ethylene precursor acc in plant samples by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry |
| topic | Ethylene 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid Phytohormone Tandem mass spectrometry Liquid-liquid micro-extraction Precise control of the mobile phase |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06943-7 |
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