Combined treatment with antitoxin and 3,4-diaminopyridine improves survival outcomes after lethal botulinum neurotoxin challenge

Abstract Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most potent toxins known, causing life-threatening flaccid paralysis by blocking acetylcholine release at neuromuscular junctions. Clinical botulism results in respiratory failure, requiring prolonged artificial ventilation for survival. The only specif...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sean W. O’Brien, Brieana M. Gregg, Adhirath Bollapragada, Patrick M. McNutt
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-07-01
Series:Molecular Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s10020-025-01316-0
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