Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude.
The study of individual differences encompasses broad constructs including intelligence, creativity, and personality. However, substantially less research is devoted to the study of specific aptitudes in spite of their importance to educational, occupational, and avocational success. We sought to de...
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| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089425&type=printable |
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| author | Rex E Jung Sephira G Ryman Andrei A Vakhtin Jessica Carrasco Chris Wertz Ranee A Flores |
| author_facet | Rex E Jung Sephira G Ryman Andrei A Vakhtin Jessica Carrasco Chris Wertz Ranee A Flores |
| author_sort | Rex E Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study of individual differences encompasses broad constructs including intelligence, creativity, and personality. However, substantially less research is devoted to the study of specific aptitudes in spite of their importance to educational, occupational, and avocational success. We sought to determine subcortical brain structural correlates of several broad aptitudes including Math, Vocabulary, Foresight, Paper Folding, and Inductive Reasoning in a large (N = 107), healthy, young (age range = 16-29) cohort. Subcortical volumes were measured using an automated technique (FreeSurfer) across structures including bilateral caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, amygdala, and five equal regions of the corpus callosum. We found that performance on measures of each aptitude was predicted by different subcortical structures: Math--higher right nucleus accumbens volume; Vocabulary--higher left hippocampus volume; Paper Folding--higher right thalamus volume; Foresight--lower right thalamus and higher mid anterior corpus callosum volume; Inductive Reasoning--higher mid anterior corpus callosum volume. Our results support general findings, within the cognitive neurosciences, showing lateralization of structure-function relationships, as well as more specific relationships between individual structures (e.g., left hippocampus) and functions relevant to particular aptitudes (e.g., Vocabulary). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bad4c47fca0d42e48035bae634304332 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj-art-bad4c47fca0d42e48035bae6343043322025-08-20T02:15:28ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0192e8942510.1371/journal.pone.0089425Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude.Rex E JungSephira G RymanAndrei A VakhtinJessica CarrascoChris WertzRanee A FloresThe study of individual differences encompasses broad constructs including intelligence, creativity, and personality. However, substantially less research is devoted to the study of specific aptitudes in spite of their importance to educational, occupational, and avocational success. We sought to determine subcortical brain structural correlates of several broad aptitudes including Math, Vocabulary, Foresight, Paper Folding, and Inductive Reasoning in a large (N = 107), healthy, young (age range = 16-29) cohort. Subcortical volumes were measured using an automated technique (FreeSurfer) across structures including bilateral caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, thalamus, nucleus accumbens, hippocampus, amygdala, and five equal regions of the corpus callosum. We found that performance on measures of each aptitude was predicted by different subcortical structures: Math--higher right nucleus accumbens volume; Vocabulary--higher left hippocampus volume; Paper Folding--higher right thalamus volume; Foresight--lower right thalamus and higher mid anterior corpus callosum volume; Inductive Reasoning--higher mid anterior corpus callosum volume. Our results support general findings, within the cognitive neurosciences, showing lateralization of structure-function relationships, as well as more specific relationships between individual structures (e.g., left hippocampus) and functions relevant to particular aptitudes (e.g., Vocabulary).https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089425&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Rex E Jung Sephira G Ryman Andrei A Vakhtin Jessica Carrasco Chris Wertz Ranee A Flores Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. PLoS ONE |
| title | Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. |
| title_full | Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. |
| title_fullStr | Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. |
| title_short | Subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude. |
| title_sort | subcortical correlates of individual differences in aptitude |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0089425&type=printable |
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