Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock

Abstract Environmental concerns over heavy metals in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), coupled with the growing scarcity of metal resources, have heightened the need for efficient and cost-effective recycling of metals from spent cathodes. In this study, we propose a laser-induced high-temperature...

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Main Authors: Ning Cao, Yang Zhang, Xin Gu, Mingbo Wu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-08-01
Series:Nature Communications
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62434-1
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author Ning Cao
Yang Zhang
Xin Gu
Mingbo Wu
author_facet Ning Cao
Yang Zhang
Xin Gu
Mingbo Wu
author_sort Ning Cao
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Environmental concerns over heavy metals in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), coupled with the growing scarcity of metal resources, have heightened the need for efficient and cost-effective recycling of metals from spent cathodes. In this study, we propose a laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock strategy that rapidly separates cathode materials from Al foil in just seconds. The instantaneous thermal shock facilitates the reduction of refractory metal oxides and the decomposition of impurity layer, while simultaneously increasing the specific surface area and generating oxygen vacancies. This significantly enhances both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the subsequent leaching process. Leaching tests with 0.1 M HCl show that the efficiencies for Co, Ni, and Mn increase by 147.5%, 125.6%, and 140.0%, respectively, compared to untreated materials. Over 97% of the metals are recovered even using 0.5 M HCl. Here, we propose a laser strategy that is more economically viable and significantly reduces the environmental impact.
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spelling doaj-art-babf663c8f4d495188c9e49052e7eebd2025-08-20T04:03:06ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-08-0116111110.1038/s41467-025-62434-1Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shockNing Cao0Yang Zhang1Xin Gu2Mingbo Wu3Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China)Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China)Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China)Shandong Key Laboratory of Advanced Electrochemical Energy Storage Technologies, College of New Energy, State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (East China)Abstract Environmental concerns over heavy metals in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), coupled with the growing scarcity of metal resources, have heightened the need for efficient and cost-effective recycling of metals from spent cathodes. In this study, we propose a laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock strategy that rapidly separates cathode materials from Al foil in just seconds. The instantaneous thermal shock facilitates the reduction of refractory metal oxides and the decomposition of impurity layer, while simultaneously increasing the specific surface area and generating oxygen vacancies. This significantly enhances both the thermodynamics and kinetics of the subsequent leaching process. Leaching tests with 0.1 M HCl show that the efficiencies for Co, Ni, and Mn increase by 147.5%, 125.6%, and 140.0%, respectively, compared to untreated materials. Over 97% of the metals are recovered even using 0.5 M HCl. Here, we propose a laser strategy that is more economically viable and significantly reduces the environmental impact.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62434-1
spellingShingle Ning Cao
Yang Zhang
Xin Gu
Mingbo Wu
Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
Nature Communications
title Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
title_full Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
title_fullStr Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
title_full_unstemmed Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
title_short Efficient recycling of spent Li-ion battery cathodes by laser-induced high-temperature thermal shock
title_sort efficient recycling of spent li ion battery cathodes by laser induced high temperature thermal shock
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62434-1
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