Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco
Analysis of the temporal relationship between meteorological drought and hydrological drought is crucial in monitoring water resource availability. This study examined the linear and lagged relationships of the spread of meteorological drought to hydrological drought and their joint effects on low-f...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Remote Sensing |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/281 |
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| author | Ismaguil Hanadé Houmma Abdessamad Hadri Abdelghani Boudhar Ismail Karaoui Sabir Oussaoui El Mahdi El Khalki Abdelghani Chehbouni Christophe Kinnard |
| author_facet | Ismaguil Hanadé Houmma Abdessamad Hadri Abdelghani Boudhar Ismail Karaoui Sabir Oussaoui El Mahdi El Khalki Abdelghani Chehbouni Christophe Kinnard |
| author_sort | Ismaguil Hanadé Houmma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Analysis of the temporal relationship between meteorological drought and hydrological drought is crucial in monitoring water resource availability. This study examined the linear and lagged relationships of the spread of meteorological drought to hydrological drought and their joint effects on low-flow drought variability in the Oum Er-Rbia (OER) watershed. To this end, random forest (RF) model and statistical methods were used to study the characteristics of the temporal relationships between meteorological and hydrological drought indices at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. The various analyses revealed that the relationship between hydrological and meteorological drought is mainly a function of the time scale considered, the choice of indices to describe each type of drought and the season considered. The hydrological drought of surface water and snow cover is synchronized with the meteorological drought at the monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. In contrast, the transition from meteorological drought to groundwater drought has a lag time of 1 month and is statistically significant up to t − 5 and t + 5, i.e., 6 months. The linear correlation between the annual rainfall deficit and the monthly groundwater storage index was the lowest (0.15) in December and the highest (0.83) in March. This suggests a seasonal response of groundwater drought to the cumulative effects of precipitation deficits. The RF analysis highlighted the importance of the cumulative characteristics of meteorological drought regarding the severity of low-flow drought. The meteorological drought indices at longer time scales have a greater impact on the severity of low-flow drought, with a contribution of approximately 10% per index. However, the relative contributions of meteorological factors and hydrological indices rarely exceed 5%. Thus, by exploring for the first time the complex interactions among the severity of low-flow regimes, meteorological and hydrological drought indices and meteorological factors, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the characteristics of propagation from meteorological to severe hydrological drought. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-baa0018dee2a4f0088423ab943468719 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2072-4292 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Remote Sensing |
| spelling | doaj-art-baa0018dee2a4f0088423ab9434687192025-01-24T13:47:59ZengMDPI AGRemote Sensing2072-42922025-01-0117228110.3390/rs17020281Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, MoroccoIsmaguil Hanadé Houmma0Abdessamad Hadri1Abdelghani Boudhar2Ismail Karaoui3Sabir Oussaoui4El Mahdi El Khalki5Abdelghani Chehbouni6Christophe Kinnard7Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, CanadaInternational Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir 43150, MoroccoData4Earth Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, MoroccoData4Earth Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, University Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal 23000, MoroccoInternational Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir 43150, MoroccoInternational Water Research Institute, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir 43150, MoroccoCenter for Remote Sensing Applications (CRSA), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir 43150, MoroccoDepartment of Environmental Sciences, University of Québec at Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G8Z 4M3, CanadaAnalysis of the temporal relationship between meteorological drought and hydrological drought is crucial in monitoring water resource availability. This study examined the linear and lagged relationships of the spread of meteorological drought to hydrological drought and their joint effects on low-flow drought variability in the Oum Er-Rbia (OER) watershed. To this end, random forest (RF) model and statistical methods were used to study the characteristics of the temporal relationships between meteorological and hydrological drought indices at monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. The various analyses revealed that the relationship between hydrological and meteorological drought is mainly a function of the time scale considered, the choice of indices to describe each type of drought and the season considered. The hydrological drought of surface water and snow cover is synchronized with the meteorological drought at the monthly, seasonal, and annual scales. In contrast, the transition from meteorological drought to groundwater drought has a lag time of 1 month and is statistically significant up to t − 5 and t + 5, i.e., 6 months. The linear correlation between the annual rainfall deficit and the monthly groundwater storage index was the lowest (0.15) in December and the highest (0.83) in March. This suggests a seasonal response of groundwater drought to the cumulative effects of precipitation deficits. The RF analysis highlighted the importance of the cumulative characteristics of meteorological drought regarding the severity of low-flow drought. The meteorological drought indices at longer time scales have a greater impact on the severity of low-flow drought, with a contribution of approximately 10% per index. However, the relative contributions of meteorological factors and hydrological indices rarely exceed 5%. Thus, by exploring for the first time the complex interactions among the severity of low-flow regimes, meteorological and hydrological drought indices and meteorological factors, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the characteristics of propagation from meteorological to severe hydrological drought.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/281random forestdrought indicesdrought propagationgroundwaterOum Er-Rbia |
| spellingShingle | Ismaguil Hanadé Houmma Abdessamad Hadri Abdelghani Boudhar Ismail Karaoui Sabir Oussaoui El Mahdi El Khalki Abdelghani Chehbouni Christophe Kinnard Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco Remote Sensing random forest drought indices drought propagation groundwater Oum Er-Rbia |
| title | Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco |
| title_full | Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco |
| title_short | Analysis of the Propagation Characteristics of Meteorological Drought to Hydrological Drought and Their Joint Effects on Low-Flow Drought Variability in the Oum Er Rbia Watershed, Morocco |
| title_sort | analysis of the propagation characteristics of meteorological drought to hydrological drought and their joint effects on low flow drought variability in the oum er rbia watershed morocco |
| topic | random forest drought indices drought propagation groundwater Oum Er-Rbia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/2/281 |
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