Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro

BackgroundInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) constitute a significant health challenge, particularly among immunocompromised individuals, characterized by a high prevalence and associated mortality rates. The synergistic administration of Baicalein (BE) with azole antifungal agents could potentially...

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Main Authors: Mengmin Liang, Qingwen Hu, Junhao Yu, Heng Zhang, Sijie Liu, Jiangrong Huang, Yi Sun
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-03-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1537229/full
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author Mengmin Liang
Qingwen Hu
Junhao Yu
Heng Zhang
Sijie Liu
Jiangrong Huang
Yi Sun
author_facet Mengmin Liang
Qingwen Hu
Junhao Yu
Heng Zhang
Sijie Liu
Jiangrong Huang
Yi Sun
author_sort Mengmin Liang
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) constitute a significant health challenge, particularly among immunocompromised individuals, characterized by a high prevalence and associated mortality rates. The synergistic administration of Baicalein (BE) with azole antifungal agents could potentially herald a novel therapeutic paradigm.Materials and methods54 Aspergillus strains and 23 strains of dematiaceous fungi were selected. The standard M38-A2 microbroth dilution method was used to test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of fungi when BE combined with itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (POS) and Isavuconazole (ISV).ResultsBE shows synergistic effects with POS and ITC, with 89.61% and 25.97% of fungal strains. The BE/POS regimen exerted synergistic effects in 87.04% of Aspergillus and an impressive 95.65% of dematiaceous fungi. In comparison, the BE/ITC combination showed significantly lower synergy, affecting 33.33% of Aspergillus and a mere 8.70% of dematiaceous strains. Antagonistic interactions were sporadically observed with BE in combination with ITC, VRC, POS and ISV. Within the azole class, the BE/POS pairing stood out for its frequent synergistic activity, in contrast to the absence of such effects when BE was paired with VRC or ISV. Highlighting the potential of BE/POS as a notably effective antifungal strategy.ConclusionIn vitro, BE/POS combination emerged as the most effective antifungal strategy, exhibiting synergistic effects in the majority of Aspergillus and dematiaceous fungi strains, whereas BE/ITC showed significantly less synergy, and BE with VRC or ISV displayed no synergistic activity.
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spelling doaj-art-ba95a4bd364841348593740c71e904202025-08-20T02:52:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2025-03-011610.3389/fmicb.2025.15372291537229Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitroMengmin Liang0Qingwen Hu1Junhao Yu2Heng Zhang3Sijie Liu4Jiangrong Huang5Yi Sun6School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, ChinaDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou, ChinaSchool of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, ChinaEndocrinology Department, The Third Clinical College of Yangtze University, Traditional Chinese Medicine of Jingzhou Hospital, Jingzhou, ChinaDepartment of Dermatology, Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Diagnosis and Therapeutics of Pathogenic Fungal Infection, Jingzhou, ChinaBackgroundInvasive fungal infections (IFIs) constitute a significant health challenge, particularly among immunocompromised individuals, characterized by a high prevalence and associated mortality rates. The synergistic administration of Baicalein (BE) with azole antifungal agents could potentially herald a novel therapeutic paradigm.Materials and methods54 Aspergillus strains and 23 strains of dematiaceous fungi were selected. The standard M38-A2 microbroth dilution method was used to test the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) of fungi when BE combined with itraconazole (ITC), voriconazole (VRC), posaconazole (POS) and Isavuconazole (ISV).ResultsBE shows synergistic effects with POS and ITC, with 89.61% and 25.97% of fungal strains. The BE/POS regimen exerted synergistic effects in 87.04% of Aspergillus and an impressive 95.65% of dematiaceous fungi. In comparison, the BE/ITC combination showed significantly lower synergy, affecting 33.33% of Aspergillus and a mere 8.70% of dematiaceous strains. Antagonistic interactions were sporadically observed with BE in combination with ITC, VRC, POS and ISV. Within the azole class, the BE/POS pairing stood out for its frequent synergistic activity, in contrast to the absence of such effects when BE was paired with VRC or ISV. Highlighting the potential of BE/POS as a notably effective antifungal strategy.ConclusionIn vitro, BE/POS combination emerged as the most effective antifungal strategy, exhibiting synergistic effects in the majority of Aspergillus and dematiaceous fungi strains, whereas BE/ITC showed significantly less synergy, and BE with VRC or ISV displayed no synergistic activity.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1537229/fullbaicaleinposaconazoleitraconazolesynergyAspergillusdematiaceous fungi
spellingShingle Mengmin Liang
Qingwen Hu
Junhao Yu
Heng Zhang
Sijie Liu
Jiangrong Huang
Yi Sun
Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
Frontiers in Microbiology
baicalein
posaconazole
itraconazole
synergy
Aspergillus
dematiaceous fungi
title Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
title_full Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
title_fullStr Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
title_full_unstemmed Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
title_short Baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
title_sort baicalein combined with azoles against fungi in vitro
topic baicalein
posaconazole
itraconazole
synergy
Aspergillus
dematiaceous fungi
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2025.1537229/full
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