The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.

<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to examine the association between dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence among U.S. adults, addressing the growing interest in nutritional strategies for microbial pathogenesis modulation.<h4>Methods&...

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Main Authors: Xinyu Xu, Peizhong Chen, Yingyi Li, Xiaoxuan Chen, Yunhui Yan, Zicheng Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2025-01-01
Series:PLoS ONE
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326787
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author Xinyu Xu
Peizhong Chen
Yingyi Li
Xiaoxuan Chen
Yunhui Yan
Zicheng Huang
author_facet Xinyu Xu
Peizhong Chen
Yingyi Li
Xiaoxuan Chen
Yunhui Yan
Zicheng Huang
author_sort Xinyu Xu
collection DOAJ
description <h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to examine the association between dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence among U.S. adults, addressing the growing interest in nutritional strategies for microbial pathogenesis modulation.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 2,895 participants in the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with complete dietary and H. pylori serology records. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional covariates were employed to assess riboflavin-infection relationships. Dose-response patterns were evaluated using restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses tested heterogeneity across population strata.<h4>Results</h4>The overall H. pylori seropositivity rate was 44.2%. Higher riboflavin intake exhibited a dose-dependent inverse association with infection risk. Compared to the lowest quartile (Q1 ≤ 1.13 mg/day), adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for Q2 (1.14-1.64 mg/day), Q3 (1.65-2.34 mg/day), and Q4 (≥2.35 mg/day) were 0.77 (0.60-0.99), 0.63 (0.48-0.84), and 0.62 (0.41-0.94), respectively. Spline analysis confirmed a near-linear risk reduction with increasing intake.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These findings suggest that dietary riboflavin may inversely correlate with H. pylori infection in a dose-responsive manner, potentially mediated through mitochondrial function preservation, oxidative stress reduction, and gut microbiota modulation. While observational design precludes causal inference, the results underscore the need for prospective studies evaluating riboflavin's role in infection prevention.
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spelling doaj-art-ba78d7948bdc4fedaabcf44323af2b652025-08-20T03:28:55ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032025-01-01206e032678710.1371/journal.pone.0326787The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.Xinyu XuPeizhong ChenYingyi LiXiaoxuan ChenYunhui YanZicheng Huang<h4>Objectives</h4>This study aimed to examine the association between dietary riboflavin (vitamin B2) intake and Helicobacter pylori infection prevalence among U.S. adults, addressing the growing interest in nutritional strategies for microbial pathogenesis modulation.<h4>Methods</h4>We analyzed data from 2,895 participants in the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) with complete dietary and H. pylori serology records. Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic, clinical, and nutritional covariates were employed to assess riboflavin-infection relationships. Dose-response patterns were evaluated using restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses tested heterogeneity across population strata.<h4>Results</h4>The overall H. pylori seropositivity rate was 44.2%. Higher riboflavin intake exhibited a dose-dependent inverse association with infection risk. Compared to the lowest quartile (Q1 ≤ 1.13 mg/day), adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) for Q2 (1.14-1.64 mg/day), Q3 (1.65-2.34 mg/day), and Q4 (≥2.35 mg/day) were 0.77 (0.60-0.99), 0.63 (0.48-0.84), and 0.62 (0.41-0.94), respectively. Spline analysis confirmed a near-linear risk reduction with increasing intake.<h4>Conclusion</h4>These findings suggest that dietary riboflavin may inversely correlate with H. pylori infection in a dose-responsive manner, potentially mediated through mitochondrial function preservation, oxidative stress reduction, and gut microbiota modulation. While observational design precludes causal inference, the results underscore the need for prospective studies evaluating riboflavin's role in infection prevention.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326787
spellingShingle Xinyu Xu
Peizhong Chen
Yingyi Li
Xiaoxuan Chen
Yunhui Yan
Zicheng Huang
The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
PLoS ONE
title The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
title_full The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
title_fullStr The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
title_full_unstemmed The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
title_short The reverse association between riboflavin intake and Helicobacter pylori infection in US adults: A cross-sectional study.
title_sort reverse association between riboflavin intake and helicobacter pylori infection in us adults a cross sectional study
url https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0326787
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