Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses
ABSTRACT Background Corticosteroids are used routinely in horses and induce insulin dysregulation (ID). Nutrition is important for ID management and includes low nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) diets and, often, high‐protein ration balancers (RB). Insulin and incretin secretion increase after high‐...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2025-03-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17305 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1850146792508751872 |
|---|---|
| author | Allison T. Palmer Mauria R. Watts Kathryn J. Timko Erin F. Pinnell Katelyn A. Keefer Olivia Gorman Laura D. Hostnik Teresa A. Burns |
| author_facet | Allison T. Palmer Mauria R. Watts Kathryn J. Timko Erin F. Pinnell Katelyn A. Keefer Olivia Gorman Laura D. Hostnik Teresa A. Burns |
| author_sort | Allison T. Palmer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background Corticosteroids are used routinely in horses and induce insulin dysregulation (ID). Nutrition is important for ID management and includes low nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) diets and, often, high‐protein ration balancers (RB). Insulin and incretin secretion increase after high‐protein meals; corticosteroids may influence these effects. Hypothesis A high‐protein mixed meal will induce hyperinsulinemia and increased concentrations of glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) in horses with ID; dexamethasone (DEX) will amplify this effect. Animals Five horses with naturally occurring ID. Methods Horses underwent an IV glucose tolerance test and a feed challenge test (FCT; 1 kg RB). Tests were repeated after DEX administration (0.08 mg/kg PO q24h, 7 days). Insulin, glucose, and incretin dynamics were compared pre‐ and post‐DEX. Results Corticosteroids exacerbated post‐prandial hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia after a high‐protein meal. The FCT area under the curve for insulin (AUCINS) after DEX was significantly higher than baseline (558 ± 182 μIU/mL × min vs. 257 ± 93.9 μIU/mL × min; p = 0.03). The maximum concentration of GIP (CmaxGIP) after DEX (381 ± 70.6 pg/mL) was significantly higher than baseline (262 ± 13.7 pg/mL; p = 0.013). The AUC for GLP‐1 (AUCGLP‐1; 31.1 ± 15.2 vs. 50 ± 20.2 pg/mL; p = 0.19) and the Cmax of GLP‐1 (CmaxGLP‐1; 39.1 ± 25.3 vs. 29.6 ± 12.2 pg/mL; p = 0.32) did not differ between DEX and baseline. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Metabolic responses to a high‐protein mixed meal were exacerbated by corticosteroids. Horses receiving corticosteroids had larger GIP responses, which may enhance post‐prandial hyperinsulinemia. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ba3fe0c21afb446fb6209629800f40e4 |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-ba3fe0c21afb446fb6209629800f40e42025-08-20T02:27:45ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-03-01392n/an/a10.1111/jvim.17305Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult HorsesAllison T. Palmer0Mauria R. Watts1Kathryn J. Timko2Erin F. Pinnell3Katelyn A. Keefer4Olivia Gorman5Laura D. Hostnik6Teresa A. Burns7The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAThe Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine Columbus Ohio USAABSTRACT Background Corticosteroids are used routinely in horses and induce insulin dysregulation (ID). Nutrition is important for ID management and includes low nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) diets and, often, high‐protein ration balancers (RB). Insulin and incretin secretion increase after high‐protein meals; corticosteroids may influence these effects. Hypothesis A high‐protein mixed meal will induce hyperinsulinemia and increased concentrations of glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) in horses with ID; dexamethasone (DEX) will amplify this effect. Animals Five horses with naturally occurring ID. Methods Horses underwent an IV glucose tolerance test and a feed challenge test (FCT; 1 kg RB). Tests were repeated after DEX administration (0.08 mg/kg PO q24h, 7 days). Insulin, glucose, and incretin dynamics were compared pre‐ and post‐DEX. Results Corticosteroids exacerbated post‐prandial hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia after a high‐protein meal. The FCT area under the curve for insulin (AUCINS) after DEX was significantly higher than baseline (558 ± 182 μIU/mL × min vs. 257 ± 93.9 μIU/mL × min; p = 0.03). The maximum concentration of GIP (CmaxGIP) after DEX (381 ± 70.6 pg/mL) was significantly higher than baseline (262 ± 13.7 pg/mL; p = 0.013). The AUC for GLP‐1 (AUCGLP‐1; 31.1 ± 15.2 vs. 50 ± 20.2 pg/mL; p = 0.19) and the Cmax of GLP‐1 (CmaxGLP‐1; 39.1 ± 25.3 vs. 29.6 ± 12.2 pg/mL; p = 0.32) did not differ between DEX and baseline. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Metabolic responses to a high‐protein mixed meal were exacerbated by corticosteroids. Horses receiving corticosteroids had larger GIP responses, which may enhance post‐prandial hyperinsulinemia.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17305dexamethasoneGIPGLP‐1insulin dysregulationnutritionration balancer |
| spellingShingle | Allison T. Palmer Mauria R. Watts Kathryn J. Timko Erin F. Pinnell Katelyn A. Keefer Olivia Gorman Laura D. Hostnik Teresa A. Burns Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine dexamethasone GIP GLP‐1 insulin dysregulation nutrition ration balancer |
| title | Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses |
| title_full | Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses |
| title_fullStr | Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses |
| title_full_unstemmed | Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses |
| title_short | Corticosteroid Administration Enhances the Glycemic, Insulinemic, and Incretin Responses to a High‐Protein Mixed Meal in Adult Horses |
| title_sort | corticosteroid administration enhances the glycemic insulinemic and incretin responses to a high protein mixed meal in adult horses |
| topic | dexamethasone GIP GLP‐1 insulin dysregulation nutrition ration balancer |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17305 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT allisontpalmer corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT mauriarwatts corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT kathrynjtimko corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT erinfpinnell corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT katelynakeefer corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT oliviagorman corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT lauradhostnik corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses AT teresaaburns corticosteroidadministrationenhancestheglycemicinsulinemicandincretinresponsestoahighproteinmixedmealinadulthorses |