The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study

Abstract Background Malnutrition can lead to an increased risk of blood transfusion in elderly patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a tool used to assess nutritional status, but its predictive value for blood transfusion in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody f...

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Main Authors: Bo Liu, Zhi-jie Wang, Xiu-ling Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2024-10-01
Series:Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05167-z
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author Bo Liu
Zhi-jie Wang
Xiu-ling Huang
author_facet Bo Liu
Zhi-jie Wang
Xiu-ling Huang
author_sort Bo Liu
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Malnutrition can lead to an increased risk of blood transfusion in elderly patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a tool used to assess nutritional status, but its predictive value for blood transfusion in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is not well established. This study aimed to investigate the association between GNRI and the risk of perioperative blood transfusion in this population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on elderly patients aged 60 and above who underwent PLIF at Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital. Preoperative GNRI was calculated using height, weight, and serum albumin levels. The primary outcome was perioperative blood transfusion. Logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for potential confounders such as demographic characteristics, comorbidities, surgical factors, and laboratory tests. Results A total of 1,246 elderly patients were included, with 144 (11.6%) requiring blood transfusion. After adjusting for all confounders, a lower GNRI was associated with a significantly higher risk of blood transfusion (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.9–3.1, p < 0.001). Patients with a GNRI score below 92 had a significantly increased transfusion risk compared to those with normal GNRI scores (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 3.7–9.1, p < 0.05). RCS analysis revealed a linear negative relationship between GNRI and transfusion risk. Conclusion The GNRI is a strong predictor of perioperative blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing PLIF. Preoperative nutritional assessment using GNRI may help identify high-risk patients, enabling tailored interventions to optimize outcomes.
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spelling doaj-art-ba3c3600a0894dc08176acca9542b08e2025-08-20T02:17:53ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2024-10-0119111210.1186/s13018-024-05167-zThe geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective studyBo Liu0Zhi-jie Wang1Xiu-ling Huang2Department of Spinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Spinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityAbstract Background Malnutrition can lead to an increased risk of blood transfusion in elderly patients. The Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) is a tool used to assess nutritional status, but its predictive value for blood transfusion in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) is not well established. This study aimed to investigate the association between GNRI and the risk of perioperative blood transfusion in this population. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on elderly patients aged 60 and above who underwent PLIF at Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital. Preoperative GNRI was calculated using height, weight, and serum albumin levels. The primary outcome was perioperative blood transfusion. Logistic regression analysis was performed, adjusting for potential confounders such as demographic characteristics, comorbidities, surgical factors, and laboratory tests. Results A total of 1,246 elderly patients were included, with 144 (11.6%) requiring blood transfusion. After adjusting for all confounders, a lower GNRI was associated with a significantly higher risk of blood transfusion (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.9–3.1, p < 0.001). Patients with a GNRI score below 92 had a significantly increased transfusion risk compared to those with normal GNRI scores (OR = 5.8, 95% CI: 3.7–9.1, p < 0.05). RCS analysis revealed a linear negative relationship between GNRI and transfusion risk. Conclusion The GNRI is a strong predictor of perioperative blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing PLIF. Preoperative nutritional assessment using GNRI may help identify high-risk patients, enabling tailored interventions to optimize outcomes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05167-zGeriatric nutritional risk indexMalnutritionBlood transfusionPosterior lumbar Interbody FusionElderlyNutritional Assessment
spellingShingle Bo Liu
Zhi-jie Wang
Xiu-ling Huang
The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
Geriatric nutritional risk index
Malnutrition
Blood transfusion
Posterior lumbar Interbody Fusion
Elderly
Nutritional Assessment
title The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
title_full The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
title_fullStr The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
title_full_unstemmed The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
title_short The geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion: a retrospective study
title_sort geriatric nutritional risk index predicts blood transfusion risk in elderly patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion a retrospective study
topic Geriatric nutritional risk index
Malnutrition
Blood transfusion
Posterior lumbar Interbody Fusion
Elderly
Nutritional Assessment
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-024-05167-z
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