Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump

ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative pathogen, has emerged as one of the most highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide and subsequently has become a leading cause of healthcare-associated, life-threatening infections. P. aeruginosa multidrug efflux Y (MexY) is an efflux pump that b...

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Main Authors: William D. Gregor, Rakesh Maharjan, Zhemin Zhang, Lucius Chiaraviglio, Nithya Sastry, Meng Cui, James E. Kirby, Edward W. Yu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: American Society for Microbiology 2025-04-01
Series:mBio
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Online Access:https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.03826-24
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author William D. Gregor
Rakesh Maharjan
Zhemin Zhang
Lucius Chiaraviglio
Nithya Sastry
Meng Cui
James E. Kirby
Edward W. Yu
author_facet William D. Gregor
Rakesh Maharjan
Zhemin Zhang
Lucius Chiaraviglio
Nithya Sastry
Meng Cui
James E. Kirby
Edward W. Yu
author_sort William D. Gregor
collection DOAJ
description ABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative pathogen, has emerged as one of the most highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide and subsequently has become a leading cause of healthcare-associated, life-threatening infections. P. aeruginosa multidrug efflux Y (MexY) is an efflux pump that belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) superfamily. It is a major determinant for resistance to aminoglycosides in this opportunistic pathogen. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms involved in aminoglycoside recognition and extrusion by MexY have not been elucidated. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of MexY to a resolution of 3.63 Å. The structure directly indicates two plausible pathways for drug export. It also suggests that MexY is capable of picking up antibiotics via the ceiling of the central cavity formed by the MexY trimer. Molecular dynamics simulations depict that MexY is able to use a tunnel connecting the central cavity to the funnel of the trimer to export its substrates.IMPORTANCEHere, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the MexY multidrug efflux pump, posing the possibility that this pump is capable of capturing antibiotics from both the central cavity and the periplasmic cleft of the pump. The results indicate that MexY may utilize charged residues to bind and export drugs, mediating resistance to these antibiotics.
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spelling doaj-art-ba214c31652f4bb6965abc2545cd01c52025-08-20T03:17:58ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymBio2150-75112025-04-0116410.1128/mbio.03826-24Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pumpWilliam D. Gregor0Rakesh Maharjan1Zhemin Zhang2Lucius Chiaraviglio3Nithya Sastry4Meng Cui5James E. Kirby6Edward W. Yu7Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USADepartment of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USADepartment of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USADepartment of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University School of Pharmacy, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USADepartment of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USAABSTRACT Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram-negative pathogen, has emerged as one of the most highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria worldwide and subsequently has become a leading cause of healthcare-associated, life-threatening infections. P. aeruginosa multidrug efflux Y (MexY) is an efflux pump that belongs to the resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) superfamily. It is a major determinant for resistance to aminoglycosides in this opportunistic pathogen. However, the detailed molecular mechanisms involved in aminoglycoside recognition and extrusion by MexY have not been elucidated. Here, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of MexY to a resolution of 3.63 Å. The structure directly indicates two plausible pathways for drug export. It also suggests that MexY is capable of picking up antibiotics via the ceiling of the central cavity formed by the MexY trimer. Molecular dynamics simulations depict that MexY is able to use a tunnel connecting the central cavity to the funnel of the trimer to export its substrates.IMPORTANCEHere, we report the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the MexY multidrug efflux pump, posing the possibility that this pump is capable of capturing antibiotics from both the central cavity and the periplasmic cleft of the pump. The results indicate that MexY may utilize charged residues to bind and export drugs, mediating resistance to these antibiotics.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.03826-24multidrug resistancemultidrug efflux pumpMexYPseudomonas aeruginosacryo-EM
spellingShingle William D. Gregor
Rakesh Maharjan
Zhemin Zhang
Lucius Chiaraviglio
Nithya Sastry
Meng Cui
James E. Kirby
Edward W. Yu
Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
mBio
multidrug resistance
multidrug efflux pump
MexY
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cryo-EM
title Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
title_full Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
title_fullStr Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
title_full_unstemmed Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
title_short Cryo-EM structure of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa MexY multidrug efflux pump
title_sort cryo em structure of the pseudomonas aeruginosa mexy multidrug efflux pump
topic multidrug resistance
multidrug efflux pump
MexY
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
cryo-EM
url https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.03826-24
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