Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease
ABSTRACT Background Inadequate ammonia excretion is thought to drive the development of metabolic acidosis in people with CKD and to correlate with worse outcomes. Objectives To determine if urine ammonia‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) correlates with serum creatinine as a renal function marker in healt...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70142 |
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| author | Eleanor E. Brown Kirsten L. Cooke Rebeca A. Castro Alexis Cooper Andrew J. Specht Autumn N. Harris |
| author_facet | Eleanor E. Brown Kirsten L. Cooke Rebeca A. Castro Alexis Cooper Andrew J. Specht Autumn N. Harris |
| author_sort | Eleanor E. Brown |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT Background Inadequate ammonia excretion is thought to drive the development of metabolic acidosis in people with CKD and to correlate with worse outcomes. Objectives To determine if urine ammonia‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) correlates with serum creatinine as a renal function marker in healthy cats and cats with CKD and whether UACR is related to the presence of CKD. Animals The study group comprised 74 healthy and 45 stable IRIS stage 2–4 CKD cats. Methods Prospective, single‐time point study. Serum biochemistry variables were measured. Urinary ammonia and creatinine concentrations were measured and used to calculate UACR. Group comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney test. Correlation between UACR concentrations and serum renal and electrolyte values used Spearman's correlation test. Relationships between UACR, renal variables, electrolytes, urine specific gravity, age, and body weight were explored with multiple linear regression. Results Chronic kidney disease cats (median 4.2; range 0.6–9.2) had lower UACR than healthy cats (median 7.6; range 3.0–23.7; p < 0.01). UACR was inversely correlated with creatinine concentration (p < 0.01, rs = −0.545). The relationship between UACR and creatinine persisted after controlling for age, body weight, electrolytes, renal functional variables, and urine‐specific gravity. Conclusions and Clinical Importance These findings suggest that ammonia excretion is impaired with declining renal function. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b9da27fa936740269c57065e55aa23f7 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-b9da27fa936740269c57065e55aa23f72025-08-20T03:09:11ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-05-01393n/an/a10.1111/jvim.70142Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney DiseaseEleanor E. Brown0Kirsten L. Cooke1Rebeca A. Castro2Alexis Cooper3Andrew J. Specht4Autumn N. Harris5Austin Veterinary Emergency and Specialty Austin Texas USADepartment of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida USADepartment of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida USADepartment of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida USADepartment of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida USADepartment of Small Animal Clinical Science University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine Gainesville Florida USAABSTRACT Background Inadequate ammonia excretion is thought to drive the development of metabolic acidosis in people with CKD and to correlate with worse outcomes. Objectives To determine if urine ammonia‐to‐creatinine ratio (UACR) correlates with serum creatinine as a renal function marker in healthy cats and cats with CKD and whether UACR is related to the presence of CKD. Animals The study group comprised 74 healthy and 45 stable IRIS stage 2–4 CKD cats. Methods Prospective, single‐time point study. Serum biochemistry variables were measured. Urinary ammonia and creatinine concentrations were measured and used to calculate UACR. Group comparisons were made using the Mann–Whitney test. Correlation between UACR concentrations and serum renal and electrolyte values used Spearman's correlation test. Relationships between UACR, renal variables, electrolytes, urine specific gravity, age, and body weight were explored with multiple linear regression. Results Chronic kidney disease cats (median 4.2; range 0.6–9.2) had lower UACR than healthy cats (median 7.6; range 3.0–23.7; p < 0.01). UACR was inversely correlated with creatinine concentration (p < 0.01, rs = −0.545). The relationship between UACR and creatinine persisted after controlling for age, body weight, electrolytes, renal functional variables, and urine‐specific gravity. Conclusions and Clinical Importance These findings suggest that ammonia excretion is impaired with declining renal function.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70142acid–baseassayfelinekidneyrenal physiology |
| spellingShingle | Eleanor E. Brown Kirsten L. Cooke Rebeca A. Castro Alexis Cooper Andrew J. Specht Autumn N. Harris Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine acid–base assay feline kidney renal physiology |
| title | Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease |
| title_full | Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease |
| title_fullStr | Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease |
| title_short | Correlation of Urine Ammonia Excretion With Renal Function in Healthy Cats and Cats With Kidney Disease |
| title_sort | correlation of urine ammonia excretion with renal function in healthy cats and cats with kidney disease |
| topic | acid–base assay feline kidney renal physiology |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.70142 |
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