Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review

Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by perivascular epithelioid cell proliferation. They can occur in various organs, but colonic PEComas are exceptionally rare, showing diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific clinical presentation and s...

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Main Authors: Gintare Slice, Rokas Stulpinas, Tomas Poskus, Marius Kryzauskas
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2025-06-01
Series:Current Oncology
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Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/330
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author Gintare Slice
Rokas Stulpinas
Tomas Poskus
Marius Kryzauskas
author_facet Gintare Slice
Rokas Stulpinas
Tomas Poskus
Marius Kryzauskas
author_sort Gintare Slice
collection DOAJ
description Perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by perivascular epithelioid cell proliferation. They can occur in various organs, but colonic PEComas are exceptionally rare, showing diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific clinical presentation and similar features to those of other colorectal tumors. We present a case of a 61-year-old female with defecation accompanied by blood clots, initially diagnosed with a suspected tumor in the sigmoid colon. Despite initial biopsy yielding non-informative material, repeat colonoscopy and imaging studies revealed a malignant tumor with multinucleated giant (osteoclast-like) cells and probable p53 mutation, most likely of mesenchymal origin. Robotic surgical resection was performed, and ultimately pathological examination refined the diagnosis as a malignant PEComa of the colon. This case demonstrates the importance of considering PEComa in the differential diagnosis of colonic tumors. Further research is needed to ascertain the clinical behavior and optimal treatment for colonic PEComas.
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spelling doaj-art-b9cd9005965b49028fcda4fbe45ebe5c2025-08-20T03:27:23ZengMDPI AGCurrent Oncology1198-00521718-77292025-06-0132633010.3390/curroncol32060330Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature ReviewGintare Slice0Rokas Stulpinas1Tomas Poskus2Marius Kryzauskas3Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, LithuaniaNational Center of Pathology, Affiliate of Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, 08406 Vilnius, LithuaniaClinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology, and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, LithuaniaClinic of Gastroenterology, Nephrourology, and Surgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, 03101 Vilnius, LithuaniaPerivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) are rare mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by perivascular epithelioid cell proliferation. They can occur in various organs, but colonic PEComas are exceptionally rare, showing diagnostic challenges due to their nonspecific clinical presentation and similar features to those of other colorectal tumors. We present a case of a 61-year-old female with defecation accompanied by blood clots, initially diagnosed with a suspected tumor in the sigmoid colon. Despite initial biopsy yielding non-informative material, repeat colonoscopy and imaging studies revealed a malignant tumor with multinucleated giant (osteoclast-like) cells and probable p53 mutation, most likely of mesenchymal origin. Robotic surgical resection was performed, and ultimately pathological examination refined the diagnosis as a malignant PEComa of the colon. This case demonstrates the importance of considering PEComa in the differential diagnosis of colonic tumors. Further research is needed to ascertain the clinical behavior and optimal treatment for colonic PEComas.https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/330perivascular epithelioid cell tumorPEComacolonrectalgastrointestinalneoplasm
spellingShingle Gintare Slice
Rokas Stulpinas
Tomas Poskus
Marius Kryzauskas
Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
Current Oncology
perivascular epithelioid cell tumor
PEComa
colon
rectal
gastrointestinal
neoplasm
title Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
title_full Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
title_fullStr Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
title_full_unstemmed Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
title_short Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) of the Sigmoid Colon: Case Report and Literature Review
title_sort perivascular epithelioid cell tumor pecoma of the sigmoid colon case report and literature review
topic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor
PEComa
colon
rectal
gastrointestinal
neoplasm
url https://www.mdpi.com/1718-7729/32/6/330
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AT tomasposkus perivascularepithelioidcelltumorpecomaofthesigmoidcoloncasereportandliteraturereview
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