A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Background. The transmission of HIV from mother to child among HIV-positive infants is estimated to be higher than 20%, despite the fact that antiretroviral treatment is available for antenatal mothers with HIV. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child among infants aged...

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Main Authors: Girish Degavi, Boko Loka Safayi, Shiferaw Gelchu Adola, Biniyam Demisse, Takala Utura, Udessa Gemeda, Sarah Ezhil Kelna Edwin, Fitsum Demissie
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2022-01-01
Series:AIDS Research and Treatment
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2906490
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author Girish Degavi
Boko Loka Safayi
Shiferaw Gelchu Adola
Biniyam Demisse
Takala Utura
Udessa Gemeda
Sarah Ezhil Kelna Edwin
Fitsum Demissie
author_facet Girish Degavi
Boko Loka Safayi
Shiferaw Gelchu Adola
Biniyam Demisse
Takala Utura
Udessa Gemeda
Sarah Ezhil Kelna Edwin
Fitsum Demissie
author_sort Girish Degavi
collection DOAJ
description Background. The transmission of HIV from mother to child among HIV-positive infants is estimated to be higher than 20%, despite the fact that antiretroviral treatment is available for antenatal mothers with HIV. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child among infants aged one and a half years is estimated to be approximately 15.7 percent. Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis using a simple random sampling technique was incorporated among 422 HIV-exposed babies and their mothers who were randomly chosen and screened using OPD (outpatient card) from March 2019 to March 2021 in the general hospitals of West Guji zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The data were coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for cleaning and analysis. Result. The study revealed that at the end of follow-up, 3.8% of the HIV-exposed infants were found to be HIV positive. Poor adherence of infant for CPT (AOR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.010–27.24), father not enrolled to ART (AOR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.187–15.724), age of infants at enrollment >6 weeks (AOR: 4.5; 95% CI: 1.102–16.1), mother’s enrollment to PMTCT during labor and delivery or after (AOR: 6.84; 95% CI: 1.316–42.743), and mothers on the WHO clinical stage mild or advanced (AOR: 3.6; 95% CI: 1.146–16.842) was found to be the most important significant predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Conclusion. Several factors included in the study were the main predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The study concluded that there are some lacunae in the prevention of MTCT of HIV but that the incidence of MTCT of HIV was significantly lower in this part of the world.
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spelling doaj-art-b9b7523d4bf844fba9364bdcddf0bd5c2025-08-20T02:23:15ZengWileyAIDS Research and Treatment2090-12592022-01-01202210.1155/2022/2906490A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern EthiopiaGirish Degavi0Boko Loka Safayi1Shiferaw Gelchu Adola2Biniyam Demisse3Takala Utura4Udessa Gemeda5Sarah Ezhil Kelna Edwin6Fitsum Demissie7School of Nursing and MidwiferySchool of Nursing and MidwiferySchool of Nursing and MidwiferySchool of NursingSchool of Public HealthSchool of Nursing and MidwiferySchool of Nursing and MidwiferyDepartment of PharmacyBackground. The transmission of HIV from mother to child among HIV-positive infants is estimated to be higher than 20%, despite the fact that antiretroviral treatment is available for antenatal mothers with HIV. In Ethiopia, the prevalence of HIV transmission from mother to child among infants aged one and a half years is estimated to be approximately 15.7 percent. Methods. A retrospective cohort analysis using a simple random sampling technique was incorporated among 422 HIV-exposed babies and their mothers who were randomly chosen and screened using OPD (outpatient card) from March 2019 to March 2021 in the general hospitals of West Guji zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The data were coded and entered into EpiData version 4.6.1 and exported to SPSS version 23 for cleaning and analysis. Result. The study revealed that at the end of follow-up, 3.8% of the HIV-exposed infants were found to be HIV positive. Poor adherence of infant for CPT (AOR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.010–27.24), father not enrolled to ART (AOR: 4.4; 95% CI: 1.187–15.724), age of infants at enrollment >6 weeks (AOR: 4.5; 95% CI: 1.102–16.1), mother’s enrollment to PMTCT during labor and delivery or after (AOR: 6.84; 95% CI: 1.316–42.743), and mothers on the WHO clinical stage mild or advanced (AOR: 3.6; 95% CI: 1.146–16.842) was found to be the most important significant predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Conclusion. Several factors included in the study were the main predictors of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The study concluded that there are some lacunae in the prevention of MTCT of HIV but that the incidence of MTCT of HIV was significantly lower in this part of the world.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2906490
spellingShingle Girish Degavi
Boko Loka Safayi
Shiferaw Gelchu Adola
Biniyam Demisse
Takala Utura
Udessa Gemeda
Sarah Ezhil Kelna Edwin
Fitsum Demissie
A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
AIDS Research and Treatment
title A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
title_full A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
title_fullStr A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
title_short A Retrospective Study of Incidence and Predictors on Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV among HIV-Exposed Infants in West Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia
title_sort retrospective study of incidence and predictors on mother to child transmission of hiv among hiv exposed infants in west guji zone southern ethiopia
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2906490
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