Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution
Background: Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) is rare in patients diagnosed with antecedent multiple myeloma (MM). This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features and outcomes of patients with sALL after MM. Methods: We conducted this population-based study using the Surveillance, Ep...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy |
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| author | Jing Jia Jiahui Yin Chuanying Geng Aijun Liu |
| author_facet | Jing Jia Jiahui Yin Chuanying Geng Aijun Liu |
| author_sort | Jing Jia |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) is rare in patients diagnosed with antecedent multiple myeloma (MM). This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features and outcomes of patients with sALL after MM. Methods: We conducted this population-based study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and retrospectively reviewed patients with sALL following MM treatment at our institution. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic factors for survival in patients with sALL. Results: We identified 64,629 cases of MM (including 18 sALL from the SEER Plus 9 database, and three sALL from our institution). Younger patients with MM and those who received chemotherapy were at a higher risk of developing sALL. The novel agent era witnessed an increased incidence of sALL (post-novel agent era vs. pre-novel agent era: 0.31% [10/32,640] vs. 0.25% [8/31,989]) and shorter latency time (post-novel agent era vs. pre-novel agent era [median]: 51.5 vs. 74.5 months, P = 0.516), though the difference was not significant. The median age at sALL onset was 65 (range: 47–78) years. Significant cytopenia and absence of BCR/ABL fusion genes were common features in this patient population. The treatment of sALL is complicated by old age and poor performance status. The median survival of patients with sALL is 18 months, whereas those who received chemotherapy had significantly prolonged survival. Conclusions: Patients with sALL combined with an antecedent MM, especially those with long-term exposure to immunomodulatory agents such as thalidomide or lenalidomide, should be cautiously evaluated and managed with a comprehensive approach. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b98896db76b647c7830a8efe3ea08fc8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2949-7132 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-b98896db76b647c7830a8efe3ea08fc82025-01-06T04:09:11ZengElsevierCancer Pathogenesis and Therapy2949-71322025-01-01317680Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institutionJing Jia0Jiahui Yin1Chuanying Geng2Aijun Liu3Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, ChinaCorresponding author: Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.; Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, ChinaBackground: Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) is rare in patients diagnosed with antecedent multiple myeloma (MM). This study aimed to elucidate the clinical features and outcomes of patients with sALL after MM. Methods: We conducted this population-based study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and retrospectively reviewed patients with sALL following MM treatment at our institution. Cox regression analysis was performed to investigate the prognostic factors for survival in patients with sALL. Results: We identified 64,629 cases of MM (including 18 sALL from the SEER Plus 9 database, and three sALL from our institution). Younger patients with MM and those who received chemotherapy were at a higher risk of developing sALL. The novel agent era witnessed an increased incidence of sALL (post-novel agent era vs. pre-novel agent era: 0.31% [10/32,640] vs. 0.25% [8/31,989]) and shorter latency time (post-novel agent era vs. pre-novel agent era [median]: 51.5 vs. 74.5 months, P = 0.516), though the difference was not significant. The median age at sALL onset was 65 (range: 47–78) years. Significant cytopenia and absence of BCR/ABL fusion genes were common features in this patient population. The treatment of sALL is complicated by old age and poor performance status. The median survival of patients with sALL is 18 months, whereas those who received chemotherapy had significantly prolonged survival. Conclusions: Patients with sALL combined with an antecedent MM, especially those with long-term exposure to immunomodulatory agents such as thalidomide or lenalidomide, should be cautiously evaluated and managed with a comprehensive approach.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294971322400048XMultiple myelomaNeoplasmsSecond primaryPrecursor cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphomaSEER programSurvival |
| spellingShingle | Jing Jia Jiahui Yin Chuanying Geng Aijun Liu Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy Multiple myeloma Neoplasms Second primary Precursor cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphoma SEER program Survival |
| title | Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution |
| title_full | Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution |
| title_fullStr | Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution |
| title_short | Characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (sALL) after multiple myeloma (MM): SEER data analysis in a single-center institution |
| title_sort | characteristics and outcomes of secondary acute lymphoblastic leukemia sall after multiple myeloma mm seer data analysis in a single center institution |
| topic | Multiple myeloma Neoplasms Second primary Precursor cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphoma SEER program Survival |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S294971322400048X |
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