Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018
Introduction: Nigeria still experiences recurrent outbreaks of measles especially in the North despite the efforts at strengthening routine immunisation and supplementary immunisation activities. We analysed measles surveillance data from Zamfara State, northwestern Nigeria to identify variations in...
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African Field Epidemiology Network
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/21/full/ |
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| author | Fatima Muhammad Garba Rabi Usman Chukwuma Umeokonkwo Emmanuel Chukwudi Okolocha Mohammed Yahaya Ibrahim AbdulQadir Okunromade Oyeladun Augustine Olajide Dada Muhammad Shakir Balogun |
| author_facet | Fatima Muhammad Garba Rabi Usman Chukwuma Umeokonkwo Emmanuel Chukwudi Okolocha Mohammed Yahaya Ibrahim AbdulQadir Okunromade Oyeladun Augustine Olajide Dada Muhammad Shakir Balogun |
| author_sort | Fatima Muhammad Garba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Nigeria still experiences recurrent outbreaks of measles especially in the North despite the efforts at strengthening routine immunisation and supplementary immunisation activities. We analysed measles surveillance data from Zamfara State, northwestern Nigeria to identify variations in distribution across ages, gender, place, trends, and seasonality.
Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of measles surveillance data collected between 2012 and 2018 from all the local government areas (LGA) in Zamfara State, obtained from Zamfara State Ministry of Health in an electronic line list. We calculated frequencies and proportions for descriptive statistics and used time series analysis to determine the trend and seasonality.
Results: A total of 1,023 measles cases were recorded between January 2012 and December 2018. The median age was 2.3 years (range: 6 months-37 years). The males recorded a slightly higher proportion of cases (50.5%). As age increases the incidence was found to decrease, with the highest attack rate (120.8/100,000 population) among the under-five age group. The urban areas had the highest attack rate with the state capital (Gusau LGA) having the highest attack rate. Similar trend of measles cases was observed over the years of study and computed seasonal variation revealed the highest incidence in the first quarter. Overall case fatality rate (CFR) over the years was 4.8%.
Conclusion: The study recorded a high burden of measles in under five age group and in urban areas with potential interaction of insecurity on the measles control and elimination program. Therefore, the existing framework on measles control strategies for successful elimination of the disease should be strengthened among the under-five age group and urban areas. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b952cf9c41164b4787fed8eef8d9a04b |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2664-2824 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | African Field Epidemiology Network |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-b952cf9c41164b4787fed8eef8d9a04b2025-08-20T03:08:51ZengAfrican Field Epidemiology NetworkJournal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health2664-28242022-11-0154https://doi.org/10.37432/jieph.2022.5.4.69Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018Fatima Muhammad Garba0Rabi Usman1Chukwuma Umeokonkwo2Emmanuel Chukwudi Okolocha3Mohammed Yahaya4Ibrahim AbdulQadir5Okunromade Oyeladun6Augustine Olajide Dada7Muhammad Shakir Balogun8Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, NigeriaZamfara State Ministry of Health, Gusau, Zamfara State, NigeriaNigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria;Department of Community Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria Department of Veterinary Public Health, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, NigeriaNigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, Nigeria; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, NigeriaDepartment of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Sokoto State, NigeriaNigeria Centre for Disease Control, Abuja, NigeriaAfrica Field Epidemiology Network, Abuja, NigeriaNigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, Abuja, NigeriaIntroduction: Nigeria still experiences recurrent outbreaks of measles especially in the North despite the efforts at strengthening routine immunisation and supplementary immunisation activities. We analysed measles surveillance data from Zamfara State, northwestern Nigeria to identify variations in distribution across ages, gender, place, trends, and seasonality. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of measles surveillance data collected between 2012 and 2018 from all the local government areas (LGA) in Zamfara State, obtained from Zamfara State Ministry of Health in an electronic line list. We calculated frequencies and proportions for descriptive statistics and used time series analysis to determine the trend and seasonality. Results: A total of 1,023 measles cases were recorded between January 2012 and December 2018. The median age was 2.3 years (range: 6 months-37 years). The males recorded a slightly higher proportion of cases (50.5%). As age increases the incidence was found to decrease, with the highest attack rate (120.8/100,000 population) among the under-five age group. The urban areas had the highest attack rate with the state capital (Gusau LGA) having the highest attack rate. Similar trend of measles cases was observed over the years of study and computed seasonal variation revealed the highest incidence in the first quarter. Overall case fatality rate (CFR) over the years was 4.8%. Conclusion: The study recorded a high burden of measles in under five age group and in urban areas with potential interaction of insecurity on the measles control and elimination program. Therefore, the existing framework on measles control strategies for successful elimination of the disease should be strengthened among the under-five age group and urban areas.https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/21/full/measlessurveillancezamfaraunder-five age groupurban areanigeria |
| spellingShingle | Fatima Muhammad Garba Rabi Usman Chukwuma Umeokonkwo Emmanuel Chukwudi Okolocha Mohammed Yahaya Ibrahim AbdulQadir Okunromade Oyeladun Augustine Olajide Dada Muhammad Shakir Balogun Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health measles surveillance zamfara under-five age group urban area nigeria |
| title | Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 |
| title_full | Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 |
| title_fullStr | Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 |
| title_short | Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018 |
| title_sort | descriptive epidemiology of measles cases in zamfara state nigeria 2012 2018 |
| topic | measles surveillance zamfara under-five age group urban area nigeria |
| url | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/21/full/ |
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