Descriptive Epidemiology of Measles Cases in Zamfara State—Nigeria, 2012-2018
Introduction: Nigeria still experiences recurrent outbreaks of measles especially in the North despite the efforts at strengthening routine immunisation and supplementary immunisation activities. We analysed measles surveillance data from Zamfara State, northwestern Nigeria to identify variations in...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
African Field Epidemiology Network
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Journal of Interventional Epidemiology and Public Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.afenet-journal.net/content/article/5/21/full/ |
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| Summary: | Introduction: Nigeria still experiences recurrent outbreaks of measles especially in the North despite the efforts at strengthening routine immunisation and supplementary immunisation activities. We analysed measles surveillance data from Zamfara State, northwestern Nigeria to identify variations in distribution across ages, gender, place, trends, and seasonality.
Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis of measles surveillance data collected between 2012 and 2018 from all the local government areas (LGA) in Zamfara State, obtained from Zamfara State Ministry of Health in an electronic line list. We calculated frequencies and proportions for descriptive statistics and used time series analysis to determine the trend and seasonality.
Results: A total of 1,023 measles cases were recorded between January 2012 and December 2018. The median age was 2.3 years (range: 6 months-37 years). The males recorded a slightly higher proportion of cases (50.5%). As age increases the incidence was found to decrease, with the highest attack rate (120.8/100,000 population) among the under-five age group. The urban areas had the highest attack rate with the state capital (Gusau LGA) having the highest attack rate. Similar trend of measles cases was observed over the years of study and computed seasonal variation revealed the highest incidence in the first quarter. Overall case fatality rate (CFR) over the years was 4.8%.
Conclusion: The study recorded a high burden of measles in under five age group and in urban areas with potential interaction of insecurity on the measles control and elimination program. Therefore, the existing framework on measles control strategies for successful elimination of the disease should be strengthened among the under-five age group and urban areas. |
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| ISSN: | 2664-2824 |