On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids
The integration of high levels of inverter-based generation (IBG) into power grids requires meticulous planning, especially as IBGs lack the inherent short-circuit capacity of conventional generators, potentially weakening system strength. To mitigate this, synchronous condensers (SCs) are deployed...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Shereefdeen Oladapo Sanni Olatunji Obalowu Mohammed Suprava Chakraborty Ayodele Isqeel Abdullateef Abdulrahaman Okino Otuoze Olumoroti Ikotun Ephraim Bonah Agyekum |
| author_facet | Shereefdeen Oladapo Sanni Olatunji Obalowu Mohammed Suprava Chakraborty Ayodele Isqeel Abdullateef Abdulrahaman Okino Otuoze Olumoroti Ikotun Ephraim Bonah Agyekum |
| author_sort | Shereefdeen Oladapo Sanni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The integration of high levels of inverter-based generation (IBG) into power grids requires meticulous planning, especially as IBGs lack the inherent short-circuit capacity of conventional generators, potentially weakening system strength. To mitigate this, synchronous condensers (SCs) are deployed in weak areas to enhance fault current and voltage support. Traditional SC allocation methods use the short-circuit ratio (SCR) as a key metric, but this may not account for control interactions in grids with significant IBG penetration. This study compares two approaches for optimizing SC placement and sizing: SCR-based and network-response short-circuit ratio (NRSCR)-based, a metric that captures dynamic IBG interactions. Applying a genetic algorithm (GA) to the Nigerian power grid as a case study, the SCR-based approach identified two critical points of interconnection (PoIs) requiring 68 MVA of SC capacity, while the NRSCR-based method identified four PoIs, requiring a total of 674 MVA. Although the NRSCR-based method significantly improved system performance during faults—offering faster voltage recovery post-fault and higher fault current contributions—it resulted in a cost increase of approximately 7 times. This highlights the trade-off between cost and performance, underscoring the need for utilities to balance economic and technical considerations when deploying SCs in IBG-dominated grids. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b946345add2b4f4284cc3b4edc1e5df5 |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
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| spelling | doaj-art-b946345add2b4f4284cc3b4edc1e5df52025-08-20T03:22:18ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113837818379310.1109/ACCESS.2025.356822810993363On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power GridsShereefdeen Oladapo Sanni0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9679-1625Olatunji Obalowu Mohammed1Suprava Chakraborty2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8900-7724Ayodele Isqeel Abdullateef3Abdulrahaman Okino Otuoze4Olumoroti Ikotun5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2975-4570Ephraim Bonah Agyekum6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-4349Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NigeriaTIFAC-CORE, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, IndiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NigeriaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NigeriaDepartment of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, RussiaThe integration of high levels of inverter-based generation (IBG) into power grids requires meticulous planning, especially as IBGs lack the inherent short-circuit capacity of conventional generators, potentially weakening system strength. To mitigate this, synchronous condensers (SCs) are deployed in weak areas to enhance fault current and voltage support. Traditional SC allocation methods use the short-circuit ratio (SCR) as a key metric, but this may not account for control interactions in grids with significant IBG penetration. This study compares two approaches for optimizing SC placement and sizing: SCR-based and network-response short-circuit ratio (NRSCR)-based, a metric that captures dynamic IBG interactions. Applying a genetic algorithm (GA) to the Nigerian power grid as a case study, the SCR-based approach identified two critical points of interconnection (PoIs) requiring 68 MVA of SC capacity, while the NRSCR-based method identified four PoIs, requiring a total of 674 MVA. Although the NRSCR-based method significantly improved system performance during faults—offering faster voltage recovery post-fault and higher fault current contributions—it resulted in a cost increase of approximately 7 times. This highlights the trade-off between cost and performance, underscoring the need for utilities to balance economic and technical considerations when deploying SCs in IBG-dominated grids.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10993363/Control interactionssynchronous condensersinverter-based generationsystem strengthshort-circuit ratio |
| spellingShingle | Shereefdeen Oladapo Sanni Olatunji Obalowu Mohammed Suprava Chakraborty Ayodele Isqeel Abdullateef Abdulrahaman Okino Otuoze Olumoroti Ikotun Ephraim Bonah Agyekum On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids IEEE Access Control interactions synchronous condensers inverter-based generation system strength short-circuit ratio |
| title | On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids |
| title_full | On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids |
| title_fullStr | On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids |
| title_short | On the Choice of System Strength Metrics for the Allocation and Sizing of Synchronous Condensers in Power Grids |
| title_sort | on the choice of system strength metrics for the allocation and sizing of synchronous condensers in power grids |
| topic | Control interactions synchronous condensers inverter-based generation system strength short-circuit ratio |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10993363/ |
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