Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL

Abstract: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor–engineered (CAR) T-cell therapy elicits high response rates but fails to induce durable responses in most adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In a previous clinical trial, we observed anti-CAR immune...

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Main Authors: Jordan Gauthier, Emily C. Liang, Jennifer J. Huang, Erik L. Kimble, Alexandre V. Hirayama, Salvatore Fiorenza, Jenna M. Voutsinas, Qian (Vicky) Wu, Carla A. Jaeger-Ruckstuhl, Barbara S. Pender, Delaney R. Kirchmeier, Aiko Torkelson, Kristina Braathen, Ryan Basom, Mazyar Shadman, Noam E. Kopmar, Ryan D. Cassaday, Stanley R. Riddell, David G. Maloney, Cameron J. Turtle
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2025-04-01
Series:Blood Advances
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952925000291
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author Jordan Gauthier
Emily C. Liang
Jennifer J. Huang
Erik L. Kimble
Alexandre V. Hirayama
Salvatore Fiorenza
Jenna M. Voutsinas
Qian (Vicky) Wu
Carla A. Jaeger-Ruckstuhl
Barbara S. Pender
Delaney R. Kirchmeier
Aiko Torkelson
Kristina Braathen
Ryan Basom
Mazyar Shadman
Noam E. Kopmar
Ryan D. Cassaday
Stanley R. Riddell
David G. Maloney
Cameron J. Turtle
author_facet Jordan Gauthier
Emily C. Liang
Jennifer J. Huang
Erik L. Kimble
Alexandre V. Hirayama
Salvatore Fiorenza
Jenna M. Voutsinas
Qian (Vicky) Wu
Carla A. Jaeger-Ruckstuhl
Barbara S. Pender
Delaney R. Kirchmeier
Aiko Torkelson
Kristina Braathen
Ryan Basom
Mazyar Shadman
Noam E. Kopmar
Ryan D. Cassaday
Stanley R. Riddell
David G. Maloney
Cameron J. Turtle
author_sort Jordan Gauthier
collection DOAJ
description Abstract: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor–engineered (CAR) T-cell therapy elicits high response rates but fails to induce durable responses in most adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In a previous clinical trial, we observed anti-CAR immune responses associated with impaired in vivo CAR T-cell expansion after second infusions. Because these CD8+ T-cell responses were predominantly directed at peptides derived from the murine single-chain variable fragment (scFv) in the CAR, we conducted a clinical trial investigating the safety and efficacy of CD19 CAR T-cells engineered with a CAR incorporating a fully human scFv (JCAR021) in adults with R/R B-ALL (NCT03103971). Twenty-three patients received lymphodepletion chemotherapy and JCAR021 infusion. Nineteen patients developed cytokine release syndrome (any grade, 83%; grade 2, 61%) and 12 developed neurotoxicity (52%; grade ≥3, 35%). The overall response and complete response (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) rates were 82% and 64%, respectively. We observed measurable residual disease–negative bone marrow (BM) responses in 82% of those with BM disease and extramedullary responses by positron emission tomography–computed tomography in 79% (CR, 50%) of those with measurable fluorodeoxyglucose-avid disease. The median duration of remission (DOR) was 10 months with a 4-year DOR probability of 29%. Four patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation while in CR/CRi after JCAR021. Durable remissions were observed in patients with low BM disease burden. In contrast, the DOR was limited in those with high BM burden. We observed similar outcomes in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL receiving CD19 CAR T cells expressing a fully human or murine scFv-containing CAR. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT03103971.
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spelling doaj-art-b91eea54ef3042b8a4e322d0b703ff992025-08-20T02:16:29ZengElsevierBlood Advances2473-95292025-04-01981861187210.1182/bloodadvances.2024015314Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALLJordan Gauthier0Emily C. Liang1Jennifer J. Huang2Erik L. Kimble3Alexandre V. Hirayama4Salvatore Fiorenza5Jenna M. Voutsinas6Qian (Vicky) Wu7Carla A. Jaeger-Ruckstuhl8Barbara S. Pender9Delaney R. Kirchmeier10Aiko Torkelson11Kristina Braathen12Ryan Basom13Mazyar Shadman14Noam E. Kopmar15Ryan D. Cassaday16Stanley R. Riddell17David G. Maloney18Cameron J. Turtle19Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; Correspondence: Jordan Gauthier, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Mail Stop D3-100, Seattle, WA 98109;Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAFaculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WAClinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA; Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, AustraliaAbstract: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor–engineered (CAR) T-cell therapy elicits high response rates but fails to induce durable responses in most adults with relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In a previous clinical trial, we observed anti-CAR immune responses associated with impaired in vivo CAR T-cell expansion after second infusions. Because these CD8+ T-cell responses were predominantly directed at peptides derived from the murine single-chain variable fragment (scFv) in the CAR, we conducted a clinical trial investigating the safety and efficacy of CD19 CAR T-cells engineered with a CAR incorporating a fully human scFv (JCAR021) in adults with R/R B-ALL (NCT03103971). Twenty-three patients received lymphodepletion chemotherapy and JCAR021 infusion. Nineteen patients developed cytokine release syndrome (any grade, 83%; grade 2, 61%) and 12 developed neurotoxicity (52%; grade ≥3, 35%). The overall response and complete response (CR)/CR with incomplete hematologic recovery (CRi) rates were 82% and 64%, respectively. We observed measurable residual disease–negative bone marrow (BM) responses in 82% of those with BM disease and extramedullary responses by positron emission tomography–computed tomography in 79% (CR, 50%) of those with measurable fluorodeoxyglucose-avid disease. The median duration of remission (DOR) was 10 months with a 4-year DOR probability of 29%. Four patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation while in CR/CRi after JCAR021. Durable remissions were observed in patients with low BM disease burden. In contrast, the DOR was limited in those with high BM burden. We observed similar outcomes in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL receiving CD19 CAR T cells expressing a fully human or murine scFv-containing CAR. This trial was registered at www.ClinicalTrials.gov as #NCT03103971.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952925000291
spellingShingle Jordan Gauthier
Emily C. Liang
Jennifer J. Huang
Erik L. Kimble
Alexandre V. Hirayama
Salvatore Fiorenza
Jenna M. Voutsinas
Qian (Vicky) Wu
Carla A. Jaeger-Ruckstuhl
Barbara S. Pender
Delaney R. Kirchmeier
Aiko Torkelson
Kristina Braathen
Ryan Basom
Mazyar Shadman
Noam E. Kopmar
Ryan D. Cassaday
Stanley R. Riddell
David G. Maloney
Cameron J. Turtle
Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
Blood Advances
title Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
title_full Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
title_fullStr Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
title_full_unstemmed Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
title_short Phase 1 study of CD19 CAR T-cell therapy harboring a fully human scFv in CAR-naïve adult patients with B-ALL
title_sort phase 1 study of cd19 car t cell therapy harboring a fully human scfv in car naive adult patients with b all
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2473952925000291
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