The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians

Milk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is oft...

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Main Authors: Sucharita Sambashivaiah, Mark Cope, Ratna Mukherjea, Sumithra Selvam, Nivya George, Rebecca Kuriyan, Anura V. Kurpad
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-01-01
Series:Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2622057
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author Sucharita Sambashivaiah
Mark Cope
Ratna Mukherjea
Sumithra Selvam
Nivya George
Rebecca Kuriyan
Anura V. Kurpad
author_facet Sucharita Sambashivaiah
Mark Cope
Ratna Mukherjea
Sumithra Selvam
Nivya George
Rebecca Kuriyan
Anura V. Kurpad
author_sort Sucharita Sambashivaiah
collection DOAJ
description Milk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is often increased significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the acute effect of whey and soy protein (15% vs. 30%) on glucose homeostasis, energy metabolism, and satiety. Healthy, normal body mass index (BMI) Indian adult males aged 20–35 years (n = 15) received 4 test meals (2 proteins (soy vs. whey) and 2 doses (15% vs. 30% protein: energy ratio)). Blood samples were collected serially after the meal to calculate the incremental area under the curve for plasma glucose and insulin. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured after the meal. Satiety was measured with a visual analogue scale. The insulin response, represented by the incremental area under the curve, was significantly higher for the 30% whey compared to the 30% soy protein meal (p<0.01) but was not significantly different between the 15% protein doses. There were no differences in the plasma glucose response across protein sources or doses. The mean peak fat and carbohydrate oxidation, satiety, and energy expenditure did not differ between the protein sources and doses. In conclusion, at higher doses, whey protein has a greater insulinogenic response, compared to soy protein, and exhibits a dose-response effect. However, at lower doses, whey and soy protein elicit similar insulinogenic responses, making them equally effective protein sources in relation to glucose homoeostasis.
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spelling doaj-art-b9097e85a2c2474ab4fca170b8d3e1b92025-08-20T03:05:01ZengWileyJournal of Nutrition and Metabolism2090-07322023-01-01202310.1155/2023/2622057The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian IndiansSucharita Sambashivaiah0Mark Cope1Ratna Mukherjea2Sumithra Selvam3Nivya George4Rebecca Kuriyan5Anura V. Kurpad6Department of PhysiologyInternational Flavors & Fragrances Inc.International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.Division of EpidemiologyDivision of EpidemiologyDivision of NutritionDepartment of PhysiologyMilk and legumes are good source of protein foods used to sustain muscle mass, but their effects on postprandial glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism may be different. This is relevant, for example, in the dietetic response to obesity or diabetes, where the intake of high-quality protein is often increased significantly. The objective of this study was to characterize the acute effect of whey and soy protein (15% vs. 30%) on glucose homeostasis, energy metabolism, and satiety. Healthy, normal body mass index (BMI) Indian adult males aged 20–35 years (n = 15) received 4 test meals (2 proteins (soy vs. whey) and 2 doses (15% vs. 30% protein: energy ratio)). Blood samples were collected serially after the meal to calculate the incremental area under the curve for plasma glucose and insulin. Energy expenditure and substrate oxidation were measured after the meal. Satiety was measured with a visual analogue scale. The insulin response, represented by the incremental area under the curve, was significantly higher for the 30% whey compared to the 30% soy protein meal (p<0.01) but was not significantly different between the 15% protein doses. There were no differences in the plasma glucose response across protein sources or doses. The mean peak fat and carbohydrate oxidation, satiety, and energy expenditure did not differ between the protein sources and doses. In conclusion, at higher doses, whey protein has a greater insulinogenic response, compared to soy protein, and exhibits a dose-response effect. However, at lower doses, whey and soy protein elicit similar insulinogenic responses, making them equally effective protein sources in relation to glucose homoeostasis.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2622057
spellingShingle Sucharita Sambashivaiah
Mark Cope
Ratna Mukherjea
Sumithra Selvam
Nivya George
Rebecca Kuriyan
Anura V. Kurpad
The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism
title The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
title_full The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
title_fullStr The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
title_short The Effect of Soy and Whey Protein Supplementation on Glucose Homeostasis in Healthy Normal Weight Asian Indians
title_sort effect of soy and whey protein supplementation on glucose homeostasis in healthy normal weight asian indians
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2622057
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