Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method

Facing the challenges brought about by global climate change and biodiversity loss, accurately assessing ecological environmental quality (EEQ), and its driving factors are crucial for formulating effective strategies for ecological protection and restoration. However, there remains limited understa...

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Main Authors: Shuangfu Shi, Shuangyun Peng, Zhiqiang Lin, Bangmei Huang, Dongling Ma, Ziyi Zhu, Yilin Zhu, Rui Zhang, Ting Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Environmental Science
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1514008/full
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author Shuangfu Shi
Shuangfu Shi
Shuangyun Peng
Shuangyun Peng
Zhiqiang Lin
Zhiqiang Lin
Bangmei Huang
Dongling Ma
Dongling Ma
Ziyi Zhu
Ziyi Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Rui Zhang
Ting Li
author_facet Shuangfu Shi
Shuangfu Shi
Shuangyun Peng
Shuangyun Peng
Zhiqiang Lin
Zhiqiang Lin
Bangmei Huang
Dongling Ma
Dongling Ma
Ziyi Zhu
Ziyi Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Rui Zhang
Ting Li
author_sort Shuangfu Shi
collection DOAJ
description Facing the challenges brought about by global climate change and biodiversity loss, accurately assessing ecological environmental quality (EEQ), and its driving factors are crucial for formulating effective strategies for ecological protection and restoration. However, there remains limited understanding of the interactions and causal relationships between multiple factors, with existing studies mainly focusing on the impact of individual factors on EEQ and their correlations. This study took Myanmar as the research area, employing a Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) model and spatial autocorrelation analysis to quantitatively evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics of Myanmar’s EEQ in 2020 and reveal its spatial dependence. Furthermore, by innovatively integrating the Geodetector and Geographical Convergent Cross Mapping (GCCM) methods, this study systematically analyzed the impacts and causal relationships of various factors on the spatiotemporal differentiation of EEQ. The results indicate that: (1) Myanmar’s overall EEQ was relatively good, but there is significant spatial heterogeneity; (2) Local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a clear spatial clustering pattern of EEQ in Myanmar; (3) Geodetector analysis identified DEM, slope, Net Primary Productivity (NPP), land use, and human footprint as the dominant factors influencing EEQ, with significant interactions among these factors; (4) GCCM analysis further verified the significant causal effects of DEM, slope, NPP, and human footprint on EEQ, while the causal effects of temperature, precipitation, and land use are relatively weaker. This study established a technical framework for analyzing the spatial differentiation and causes of EEQ, unveiling the mechanisms of ecological evolution driven by natural and human factors. It enriched the understanding of human-environment interactions within coupled systems and delved into the complex mechanisms and causal effects among multiple factors within the ecological system. These insights enhanced our understanding of the intricate relationships between EEQ and its influencing factors, providing valuable references for ecological protection and sustainable development in Myanmar.
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series Frontiers in Environmental Science
spelling doaj-art-b8ff54559b6b42738fc2f78a3c39b2362025-02-11T06:59:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Environmental Science2296-665X2025-02-011310.3389/fenvs.2025.15140081514008Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM methodShuangfu Shi0Shuangfu Shi1Shuangyun Peng2Shuangyun Peng3Zhiqiang Lin4Zhiqiang Lin5Bangmei Huang6Dongling Ma7Dongling Ma8Ziyi Zhu9Ziyi Zhu10Yilin Zhu11Yilin Zhu12Rui Zhang13Ting Li14Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaKunming No. 10 High School, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaGIS Technology Research Center of Resource and Environment in Western China of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFaculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, ChinaFacing the challenges brought about by global climate change and biodiversity loss, accurately assessing ecological environmental quality (EEQ), and its driving factors are crucial for formulating effective strategies for ecological protection and restoration. However, there remains limited understanding of the interactions and causal relationships between multiple factors, with existing studies mainly focusing on the impact of individual factors on EEQ and their correlations. This study took Myanmar as the research area, employing a Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) model and spatial autocorrelation analysis to quantitatively evaluate the spatial distribution characteristics of Myanmar’s EEQ in 2020 and reveal its spatial dependence. Furthermore, by innovatively integrating the Geodetector and Geographical Convergent Cross Mapping (GCCM) methods, this study systematically analyzed the impacts and causal relationships of various factors on the spatiotemporal differentiation of EEQ. The results indicate that: (1) Myanmar’s overall EEQ was relatively good, but there is significant spatial heterogeneity; (2) Local spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a clear spatial clustering pattern of EEQ in Myanmar; (3) Geodetector analysis identified DEM, slope, Net Primary Productivity (NPP), land use, and human footprint as the dominant factors influencing EEQ, with significant interactions among these factors; (4) GCCM analysis further verified the significant causal effects of DEM, slope, NPP, and human footprint on EEQ, while the causal effects of temperature, precipitation, and land use are relatively weaker. This study established a technical framework for analyzing the spatial differentiation and causes of EEQ, unveiling the mechanisms of ecological evolution driven by natural and human factors. It enriched the understanding of human-environment interactions within coupled systems and delved into the complex mechanisms and causal effects among multiple factors within the ecological system. These insights enhanced our understanding of the intricate relationships between EEQ and its influencing factors, providing valuable references for ecological protection and sustainable development in Myanmar.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1514008/fullGCCMcausationRSEIspatial heterogeneityMyanmar
spellingShingle Shuangfu Shi
Shuangfu Shi
Shuangyun Peng
Shuangyun Peng
Zhiqiang Lin
Zhiqiang Lin
Bangmei Huang
Dongling Ma
Dongling Ma
Ziyi Zhu
Ziyi Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Yilin Zhu
Rui Zhang
Ting Li
Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
Frontiers in Environmental Science
GCCM
causation
RSEI
spatial heterogeneity
Myanmar
title Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
title_full Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
title_fullStr Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
title_full_unstemmed Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
title_short Analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in Myanmar based on the RSEI model and the Geodetector-GCCM method
title_sort analysis of the spatial pattern and causes of ecological environmental quality in myanmar based on the rsei model and the geodetector gccm method
topic GCCM
causation
RSEI
spatial heterogeneity
Myanmar
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1514008/full
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