Forehead arteriovenous malformation embolization complicated by glue migration into the cavernous sinus: A case report of a rare complication
Background: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon congenital vascular anomalies characterized by direct, high-flow connections between arteries and veins. Forehead AVMs presents unique challenges due to their aesthetic considerations, risk of complications, and proximity to critical neurov...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.
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| Series: | Archives of Plastic Surgery |
| Online Access: | http://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/a-2688-3865 |
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| Summary: | Background:
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are uncommon congenital vascular anomalies characterized by direct, high-flow connections between arteries and veins. Forehead AVMs presents unique challenges due to their aesthetic considerations, risk of complications, and proximity to critical neurovascular structures.
Case Presentation:
A 26-year-old male presented with a pulsatile forehead swelling present since birth, which gradually increased in size. Doppler ultrasound and MRI revealed a forehead AVM fed by branches from the superficial temporal and ophthalmic arteries, without evidence of intracranial extension. Pre-surgical embolization using cyanoacrylate glue achieved 90% occlusion. However, the procedure was complicated by glue migration into the cavernous sinuses, resulting in headache and dizziness.
Management:
The patient was initially managed with low-molecular-weight heparin and close clinical observation. Definitive surgical resection was performed successfully one month later. The wound healed without complications, and no recurrence was observed during six months of follow-up.
Conclusion:
This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in managing AVMs and emphasizes the need to balance embolization risks with therapeutic benefits to achieve optimal outcomes.
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| ISSN: | 2234-6163 2234-6171 |